Bickel, Balthasar & Nichols, Johanna. 2011. Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives. In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.) The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, feature 20A. Available online at http://wals.info/feature/20A Accessed on 2012-02-06. wals code name value description latitude longitude genus family area abi Abipón 1 Exclusively concatenative -29.000 -61.000 Guaicuruan Guaicuruan Morphology abk Abkhaz 1 Exclusively concatenative 43.083 41.000 Northwest Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Morphology aco Acoma 1 Exclusively concatenative 34.917 -107.583 Keresan Keresan Morphology ala Alamblak 1 Exclusively concatenative -4.667 143.333 Sepik Hill Sepik Morphology ame Amele 1 Exclusively concatenative -5.250 145.583 Madang Trans-New Guinea Morphology apu Apurinã 1 Exclusively concatenative -9.000 -67.000 Arawakan Arawakan Morphology ana Araona 1 Exclusively concatenative -12.333 -67.750 Tacanan Tacanan Morphology asm Asmat 1 Exclusively concatenative -5.500 138.500 Asmat-Kamoro Trans-New Guinea Morphology atk Atakapa 1 Exclusively concatenative 30.000 -93.500 Atakapa Atakapa Morphology awp Awa Pit 1 Exclusively concatenative 1.500 -78.250 Barbacoan Barbacoan Morphology aym Aymara 1 Exclusively concatenative -17.000 -69.000 Aymaran Aymaran Morphology bag Bagirmi 1 Exclusively concatenative 11.667 16.000 Bongo-Bagirmi Nilo-Saharan Morphology bnj Bandjalang 1 Exclusively concatenative -28.750 153.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Morphology brs Barasano 1 Exclusively concatenative -0.167 -70.667 Tucanoan Tucanoan Morphology bsq Basque 1 Exclusively concatenative 43.000 -3.000 Basque Basque Morphology bel Belhare 1 Exclusively concatenative 26.967 87.300 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Morphology brh Brahui 1 Exclusively concatenative 28.500 67.000 Northern Dravidian Dravidian Morphology arp Arapesh (Mountain) 1 Exclusively concatenative -3.467 143.167 Kombio-Arapesh Torricelli Morphology brm Burmese 1 Exclusively concatenative 21.000 96.000 Burmese-Lolo Sino-Tibetan Morphology bur Burushaski 1 Exclusively concatenative 36.500 74.500 Burushaski Burushaski Morphology ckr Canela-Krahô 1 Exclusively concatenative -6.000 -46.000 Ge-Kaingang Macro-Ge Morphology cyv Cayuvava 1 Exclusively concatenative -13.500 -65.500 Cayuvava Cayuvava Morphology cho Chontal (Highland) 1 Exclusively concatenative 16.250 -95.750 Tequistlatecan Tequistlatecan Morphology chk Chukchi 1 Exclusively concatenative 67.000 -173.000 Northern Chukotko-Kamchatkan Chukotko-Kamchatkan Morphology dag Daga 1 Exclusively concatenative -10.000 149.333 Dagan Dagan Morphology dni Dani (Lower Grand Valley) 1 Exclusively concatenative -4.333 138.833 Dani Trans-New Guinea Morphology nbd Nubian (Dongolese) 1 Exclusively concatenative 18.250 30.750 Nubian Nilo-Saharan Morphology eka Ekari 1 Exclusively concatenative -3.833 135.500 Wissel Lakes-Kemandoga Trans-New Guinea Morphology eng English 1 Exclusively concatenative 52.000 0.000 Germanic Indo-European Morphology epe Epena Pedee 1 Exclusively concatenative 3.000 -77.000 Choco Choco Morphology eve Evenki 1 Exclusively concatenative 56.000 125.000 Tungusic Altaic Morphology fin Finnish 1 Exclusively concatenative 62.000 25.000 Finnic Uralic Morphology fre French 1 Exclusively concatenative 48.000 2.000 Romance Indo-European Morphology gar Garo 1 Exclusively concatenative 25.667 90.500 Bodo-Garo Sino-Tibetan Morphology geo Georgian 1 Exclusively concatenative 42.000 44.000 Kartvelian Kartvelian Morphology ger German 1 Exclusively concatenative 52.000 10.000 Germanic Indo-European Morphology grb Grebo 1 Exclusively concatenative 5.000 -8.000 Kru Niger-Congo Morphology grk Greek (Modern) 1 Exclusively concatenative 39.000 22.000 Greek Indo-European Morphology grw Greenlandic (West) 1 Exclusively concatenative 64.000 -51.000 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Morphology gua Guaraní 1 Exclusively concatenative -26.000 -56.000 Tupi-Guaraní Tupian Morphology bbw Bininj Gun-Wok 1 Exclusively concatenative -12.500 133.750 Gunwinygic Australian Morphology hai Haida 1 Exclusively concatenative 53.000 -132.000 Haida Haida Morphology coo Coos (Hanis) 1 Exclusively concatenative 43.500 -124.167 Coosan Oregon Coast Morphology hat Hatam 1 Exclusively concatenative -1.000 134.000 Hatam West Papuan Morphology hin Hindi 1 Exclusively concatenative 25.000 77.000 Indic Indo-European Morphology hix Hixkaryana 1 Exclusively concatenative -1.000 -59.000 Cariban Cariban Morphology hve Huave (San Mateo del Mar) 1 Exclusively concatenative 16.217 -95.000 Huavean Huavean Morphology hun Hungarian 1 Exclusively concatenative 47.000 20.000 Ugric Uralic Morphology hzb Hunzib 1 Exclusively concatenative 42.167 46.250 Avar-Andic-Tsezic Nakh-Daghestanian Morphology qim Quechua (Imbabura) 1 Exclusively concatenative 0.333 -78.000 Quechuan Quechuan Morphology imo Imonda 1 Exclusively concatenative -3.333 141.167 Border Border Morphology ing Ingush 1 Exclusively concatenative 43.167 45.083 Nakh Nakh-Daghestanian Morphology jak Jakaltek 1 Exclusively concatenative 15.667 -91.667 Mayan Mayan Morphology jpn Japanese 1 Exclusively concatenative 37.000 140.000 Japanese Japanese Morphology knd Kannada 1 Exclusively concatenative 14.000 76.000 Southern Dravidian Dravidian Morphology krk Karok 1 Exclusively concatenative 41.667 -123.000 Karok Karok Morphology kay Kayardild 1 Exclusively concatenative -17.050 139.500 Tangkic Australian Morphology ket Ket 1 Exclusively concatenative 64.000 87.000 Yeniseian Yeniseian Morphology kew Kewa 1 Exclusively concatenative -6.500 143.833 Engan Trans-New Guinea Morphology kio Kiowa 1 Exclusively concatenative 37.000 -99.000 Kiowa-Tanoan Kiowa-Tanoan Morphology kiw Kiwai 1 Exclusively concatenative -8.000 143.500 Kiwaian Kiwaian Morphology koa Koasati 1 Exclusively concatenative 34.833 -85.167 Muskogean Muskogean Morphology koi Koiari 1 Exclusively concatenative -9.500 147.333 Koiarian Trans-New Guinea Morphology kor Korean 1 Exclusively concatenative 37.500 128.000 Korean Korean Morphology kro Krongo 1 Exclusively concatenative 10.500 30.000 Kadugli Kadugli Morphology kut Kutenai 1 Exclusively concatenative 49.500 -116.000 Kutenai Kutenai Morphology lav Lavukaleve 1 Exclusively concatenative -9.083 159.200 Lavukaleve Solomons East Papuan Morphology lez Lezgian 1 Exclusively concatenative 41.667 47.833 Lezgic Nakh-Daghestanian Morphology luv Luvale 1 Exclusively concatenative -12.000 22.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Morphology mal Malagasy 1 Exclusively concatenative -20.000 47.000 Barito Austronesian Morphology myi Mangarrayi 1 Exclusively concatenative -14.667 133.500 Mangarrayi Australian Morphology map Mapudungun 1 Exclusively concatenative -38.000 -72.000 Araucanian Araucanian Morphology mar Maricopa 1 Exclusively concatenative 33.167 -113.167 Yuman Hokan Morphology mrt Martuthunira 1 Exclusively concatenative -20.833 116.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Morphology mau Maung 1 Exclusively concatenative -11.917 133.500 Iwaidjan Australian Morphology may Maybrat 1 Exclusively concatenative -1.333 132.500 North-Central Bird's Head West Papuan Morphology mei Meithei 1 Exclusively concatenative 24.750 94.000 Kuki-Chin Sino-Tibetan Morphology dig Digaro 1 Exclusively concatenative 28.417 96.000 Digaroan Sino-Tibetan Morphology mxc Mixtec (Chalcatongo) 1 Exclusively concatenative 17.050 -97.583 Mixtecan Oto-Manguean Morphology kha Khalkha 1 Exclusively concatenative 47.000 105.000 Mongolic Altaic Morphology mot Motuna 1 Exclusively concatenative -6.617 155.417 East Bougainville East Bougainville Morphology amp Arrernte (Mparntwe) 1 Exclusively concatenative -24.000 136.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Morphology mun Mundari 1 Exclusively concatenative 23.000 84.667 Munda Austro-Asiatic Morphology nah Nahali 1 Exclusively concatenative 19.750 77.833 Nahali Nahali Morphology nmb Nambikuára 1 Exclusively concatenative -13.000 -59.000 Nambikuaran Nambikuaran Morphology nen Nenets 1 Exclusively concatenative 69.000 72.000 Samoyedic Uralic Morphology ngi Ngiyambaa 1 Exclusively concatenative -31.750 145.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Morphology niv Nivkh 1 Exclusively concatenative 53.333 142.000 Nivkh Nivkh Morphology ond Oneida 1 Exclusively concatenative 43.000 -75.667 Northern Iroquoian Iroquoian Morphology orh Oromo (Harar) 1 Exclusively concatenative 9.000 42.000 Eastern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Morphology otm Otomí (Mezquital) 1 Exclusively concatenative 20.167 -99.167 Otomian Oto-Manguean Morphology prs Persian 1 Exclusively concatenative 32.000 54.000 Iranian Indo-European Morphology prh Pirahã 1 Exclusively concatenative -7.000 -62.000 Mura Mura Morphology ram Rama 1 Exclusively concatenative 11.750 -83.750 Rama Chibchan Morphology rus Russian 1 Exclusively concatenative 56.000 38.000 Slavic Indo-European Morphology san Sango 1 Exclusively concatenative 5.000 18.000 Ubangi Niger-Congo Morphology snm Sanuma 1 Exclusively concatenative 4.500 -64.667 Yanomam Yanomam Morphology shk Shipibo-Konibo 1 Exclusively concatenative -7.500 -75.000 Panoan Panoan Morphology sla Slave 1 Exclusively concatenative 67.000 -125.000 Athapaskan Na-Dene Morphology pso Pomo (Southeastern) 1 Exclusively concatenative 39.000 -122.500 Pomoan Hokan Morphology mss Miwok (Southern Sierra) 1 Exclusively concatenative 37.500 -120.000 Miwok Penutian Morphology spa Spanish 1 Exclusively concatenative 40.000 -4.000 Romance Indo-European Morphology squ Squamish 1 Exclusively concatenative 49.667 -123.167 Central Salish Salishan Morphology swa Swahili 1 Exclusively concatenative -6.500 39.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Morphology tag Tagalog 1 Exclusively concatenative 15.000 121.000 Meso-Philippine Austronesian Morphology pur Purépecha 1 Exclusively concatenative 19.500 -101.667 Tarascan Tarascan Morphology tib Tibetan (Standard Spoken) 1 Exclusively concatenative 30.000 91.000 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Morphology tiw Tiwi 1 Exclusively concatenative -11.500 131.000 Tiwian Australian Morphology tli Tlingit 1 Exclusively concatenative 59.000 -135.000 Tlingit Na-Dene Morphology tot Totonac (Misantla) 1 Exclusively concatenative 19.917 -96.917 Totonacan Totonacan Morphology tur Turkish 1 Exclusively concatenative 39.000 35.000 Turkic Altaic Morphology wrd Wardaman 1 Exclusively concatenative -15.500 131.000 Yangmanic Australian Morphology wrm Warembori 1 Exclusively concatenative -1.667 137.583 South Halmahera - West New Guinea Austronesian Morphology wem Wembawemba 1 Exclusively concatenative -35.333 144.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Morphology wic Wichita 1 Exclusively concatenative 33.333 -97.333 Caddoan Caddoan Morphology cku Chinook (Upper) 1 Exclusively concatenative 45.500 -122.500 Chinookan Penutian Morphology yag Yagua 1 Exclusively concatenative -3.500 -72.000 Peba-Yaguan Peba-Yaguan Morphology yaq Yaqui 1 Exclusively concatenative 27.500 -110.250 Cahita Uto-Aztecan Morphology yid Yidiny 1 Exclusively concatenative -17.000 145.750 Pama-Nyungan Australian Morphology yur Yurok 1 Exclusively concatenative 41.333 -124.000 Yurok Algic Morphology zqc Zoque (Copainalá) 1 Exclusively concatenative 17.000 -93.250 Mixe-Zoque Mixe-Zoque Morphology zul Zulu 1 Exclusively concatenative -30.000 30.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Morphology nav Navajo 1 Exclusively concatenative 36.167 -108.000 Athapaskan Na-Dene Morphology cah Cahuilla 1 Exclusively concatenative 33.500 -116.250 Takic Uto-Aztecan Morphology ccp Cocopa 1 Exclusively concatenative 32.333 -115.000 Yuman Hokan Morphology fij Fijian 2 Exclusively isolating -17.833 178.000 Oceanic Austronesian Morphology hau Hausa 2 Exclusively isolating 12.000 7.000 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Morphology hmo Hmong Njua 2 Exclusively isolating 28.000 105.000 Hmong-Mien Hmong-Mien Morphology ind Indonesian 2 Exclusively isolating 0.000 106.000 Malayic Austronesian Morphology jel Jeli 2 Exclusively isolating 9.500 -5.667 Western Mande Niger-Congo Morphology khs Khasi 2 Exclusively isolating 25.500 92.000 Khasian Austro-Asiatic Morphology kri Kipea 2 Exclusively isolating -10.000 -37.000 Kariri Kariri Morphology lah Lahu 2 Exclusively isolating 20.000 98.167 Burmese-Lolo Sino-Tibetan Morphology lai Lai 2 Exclusively isolating 22.667 93.667 Kuki-Chin Sino-Tibetan Morphology wch Wichí 2 Exclusively isolating -22.500 -62.583 Matacoan Matacoan Morphology rap Rapanui 2 Exclusively isolating -27.117 -109.367 Oceanic Austronesian Morphology kch Koyra Chiini 2 Exclusively isolating 17.000 -3.000 Songhay Nilo-Saharan Morphology sup Supyire 2 Exclusively isolating 11.500 -5.583 Gur Niger-Congo Morphology ter Tera 2 Exclusively isolating 11.000 11.833 Biu-Mandara Afro-Asiatic Morphology vie Vietnamese 2 Exclusively isolating 10.500 106.500 Viet-Muong Austro-Asiatic Morphology war Wari' 2 Exclusively isolating -11.333 -65.000 Chapacura-Wanham Chapacura-Wanham Morphology iau Iau 3 Exclusively tonal -3.167 137.500 Lakes Plain Lakes Plain Morphology kis Kisi 3 Exclusively tonal 8.833 -10.167 Southern Atlantic Niger-Congo Morphology lan Lango 3 Exclusively tonal 2.167 33.000 Nilotic Nilo-Saharan Morphology yor Yoruba 4 Tonal/isolating 8.000 4.333 Defoid Niger-Congo Morphology maa Maasai 5 Tonal/concatenative -3.000 36.000 Nilotic Nilo-Saharan Morphology nan Nandi 5 Tonal/concatenative 0.250 35.000 Nilotic Nilo-Saharan Morphology bej Beja 6 Ablaut/concatenative 18.000 36.000 Beja Afro-Asiatic Morphology aeg Arabic (Egyptian) 6 Ablaut/concatenative 30.000 31.000 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Morphology heb Hebrew (Modern) 6 Ablaut/concatenative 31.500 34.833 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Morphology lug Lugbara 6 Ablaut/concatenative 3.083 30.917 Moru-Ma'di Nilo-Saharan Morphology bma Berber (Middle Atlas) 6 Ablaut/concatenative 33.000 -5.000 Berber Afro-Asiatic Morphology cha Chamorro 7 Isolating/concatenative 13.450 144.750 Chamorro Austronesian Morphology cre Cree (Plains) 7 Isolating/concatenative 54.000 -110.000 Algonquian Algic Morphology knm Kunama 7 Isolating/concatenative 14.500 37.000 Kunama Nilo-Saharan Morphology goo Gooniyandi 7 Isolating/concatenative -18.333 126.333 Bunuban Australian Morphology lkt Lakhota 7 Isolating/concatenative 43.833 -101.833 Siouan Siouan Morphology mnd Mandarin 7 Isolating/concatenative 34.000 110.000 Chinese Sino-Tibetan Morphology mao Maori 7 Isolating/concatenative -40.000 176.000 Oceanic Austronesian Morphology kho Khoekhoe 7 Isolating/concatenative -25.500 18.000 Central Khoisan Khoisan Morphology pai Paiwan 7 Isolating/concatenative 22.500 120.833 Paiwanic Austronesian Morphology tha Thai 7 Isolating/concatenative 16.000 101.000 Kam-Tai Tai-Kadai Morphology tru Trumai 7 Isolating/concatenative -11.917 -53.583 Trumai Trumai Morphology tuk Tukang Besi 7 Isolating/concatenative -5.500 123.500 Sulawesi Austronesian Morphology wra Warao 7 Isolating/concatenative 9.333 -61.667 Warao Warao Morphology