Martin Haspelmath. 2013. Occurrence of Nominal Plurality. In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.) WALS Online (v2020.4) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13950591 (Available online at http://wals.info/chapter/34, Accessed on 2026-06-13.) wals code name value description latitude longitude genus family area abk Abkhaz 6 All nouns, always obligatory 43.0833333333 41.0 Northwest Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Nominal Categories abu Abun 1 No nominal plural -0.5 132.5 Abun Abun Nominal Categories ace Acehnese 1 No nominal plural 5.5 95.5 Malayo-Sumbawan Austronesian Nominal Categories aco Acoma 4 All nouns, always optional 34.9166666667 -107.583333333 Keresan Keresan Nominal Categories ady Adyghe (Abzakh) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 45.2333333333 40.5833333333 Northwest Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Nominal Categories ain Ainu 4 All nouns, always optional 43.0 143.0 Ainu Ainu Nominal Categories ala Alamblak 6 All nouns, always obligatory -4.66666666667 143.333333333 Sepik Hill Sepik Nominal Categories aly Alyawarra 4 All nouns, always optional -22.5 135.0 Central Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories aml Ambae (Lolovoli Northeast) 2 Only human nouns, optional -15.4166666667 167.883333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories ame Amele 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -5.25 145.583333333 Mabuso Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories ano Anong 2 Only human nouns, optional 27.3333333333 98.75 Nungish Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories apu Apurinã 6 All nouns, always obligatory -9.0 -67.0 Purus Arawakan Nominal Categories aeg Arabic (Egyptian) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 30.0 31.0 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories arm Armenian (Eastern) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 40.0 45.0 Armenian Indo-European Nominal Categories amp Arrernte (Mparntwe) 4 All nouns, always optional -24.0 136.0 Central Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories blj Baale 6 All nouns, always obligatory 6.5 34.5 South Surmic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories bab Babungo 6 All nouns, always obligatory 6.11666666667 10.4166666667 Wide Grassfields Niger-Congo Nominal Categories bag Bagirmi 6 All nouns, always obligatory 11.6666666667 16.0 Bongo-Bagirmi Central Sudanic Nominal Categories bak Baka (in Cameroon) 4 All nouns, always optional 2.58333333333 13.5833333333 Ubangi Niger-Congo Nominal Categories bao Bao'an 6 All nouns, always obligatory 35.75 102.833333333333 Mongolic Altaic Nominal Categories brs Barasano 6 All nouns, always obligatory -0.166666666667 -70.6666666667 Tucanoan Tucanoan Nominal Categories bae Baré 4 All nouns, always optional 1.0 -67.0 Japura-Colombia Arawakan Nominal Categories bsq Basque 6 All nouns, always obligatory 43.0 -3.0 Basque Basque Nominal Categories baw Bawm 4 All nouns, always optional 22.5 92.25 Kuki-Chin Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories bel Belhare 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 26.9666666667 87.3 Himalayish Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories bbw Bininj Gun-Wok 2 Only human nouns, optional -12.5 133.75 Marne Gunwinyguan Nominal Categories bii Biri 1 No nominal plural -20.5 146.5 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories bla Blackfoot 6 All nouns, always obligatory 50.0 -112.666666667 Algonquian Algic Nominal Categories boz Bozo (Tigemaxo) 4 All nouns, always optional 15.0 -4.0 Western Mande Mande Nominal Categories brh Brahui 6 All nouns, always obligatory 28.5 67.0 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories bkt Brokskat 4 All nouns, always optional 35.3333333333 76.5 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories bud Buduma 6 All nouns, always obligatory 13.5 14.5 Biu-Mandara Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories but Buriat 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 52.0 108.0 Mongolic Altaic Nominal Categories bur Burushaski 6 All nouns, always obligatory 36.5 74.5 Burushaski Burushaski Nominal Categories cha Chamorro 2 Only human nouns, optional 13.45 144.75 Chamorro Austronesian Nominal Categories chn Chantyal 4 All nouns, always optional 28.5833333333 83.4166666667 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories cmh Chemehuevi 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 34.3333333333 -115.166666667 Northern Uto-Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories cic Chichewa 6 All nouns, always obligatory -14.0 34.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories chi Chimariko 1 No nominal plural 41.0 -123.0 Chimariko Hokan Nominal Categories ctm Chitimacha 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 29.6666666667 -91.0 Chitimacha Chitimacha Nominal Categories chk Chukchi 6 All nouns, always obligatory 67.0 -173.0 Northern Chukotko-Kamchatkan Chukotko-Kamchatkan Nominal Categories chv Chuvash 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 55.5 47.5 Turkic Altaic Nominal Categories ccp Cocopa 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 32.3333333333 -115.0 Yuman Hokan Nominal Categories cmn Comanche 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 33.5 -101.5 Northern Uto-Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories coo Coos (Hanis) 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 43.5 -124.166666667 Coosan Oregon Coast Nominal Categories cop Coptic 6 All nouns, always obligatory 26.0 32.0 Egyptian-Coptic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories cre Cree (Plains) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 54.0 -110.0 Algonquian Algic Nominal Categories dgb Dagbani 6 All nouns, always obligatory 9.58333333333 -0.5 Oti-Volta Niger-Congo Nominal Categories dgr Dagur 2 Only human nouns, optional 48.0 124.0 Mongolic Altaic Nominal Categories dah Dahalo 6 All nouns, always obligatory -2.33333333333 40.5 Dahalo Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories drg Dargwa 6 All nouns, always obligatory 42.25 47.4166666667 Dargwic Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories deg Degema 6 All nouns, always obligatory 4.75 6.75 Edoid Niger-Congo Nominal Categories dha Dhaasanac 6 All nouns, always obligatory 4.66666666667 36.3333333333 Lowland East Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories dhi Dhivehi 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 4.16666666667 73.5 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories did Didinga 6 All nouns, always obligatory 4.5 33.5 South Surmic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories dja Djabugay 4 All nouns, always optional -16.75 145.583333333 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories dji Djingili 4 All nouns, always optional -17.75 134.0 Djingili Mirndi Nominal Categories doy Doyayo 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 8.66666666667 13.0833333333 Samba-Duru Niger-Congo Nominal Categories dug Dullay (Gollango) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 5.5 37.25 Lowland East Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories dut Dutch 6 All nouns, always obligatory 52.5 6.0 Germanic Indo-European Nominal Categories dyi Dyirbal 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates -17.8333333333 145.583333333 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories eng English 6 All nouns, always obligatory 52.0 0.0 Germanic Indo-European Nominal Categories epe Epena Pedee 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 3.0 -77.0 Choco Choco Nominal Categories err Erromangan 6 All nouns, always obligatory -18.8333333333 169.166666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories eve Evenki 6 All nouns, always obligatory 56.0 125.0 Tungusic Altaic Nominal Categories fin Finnish 6 All nouns, always obligatory 62.0 25.0 Finnic Uralic Nominal Categories fon Fongbe 6 All nouns, always obligatory 6.41666666667 2.16666666667 Gbe Niger-Congo Nominal Categories fre French 6 All nouns, always obligatory 48.0 2.0 Romance Indo-European Nominal Categories fye Fyem 6 All nouns, always obligatory 9.58333333333 9.33333333333 Benue-Congo Plateau Niger-Congo Nominal Categories gaa Gaagudju 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -12.5833333333 132.833333333 Gaagudju Gaagudju Nominal Categories gap Gapapaiwa 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -9.75 149.833333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories gar Garo 4 All nouns, always optional 25.6666666667 90.5 Brahmaputran Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories geo Georgian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 42.0 44.0 Kartvelian Kartvelian Nominal Categories ger German 6 All nouns, always obligatory 52.0 10.0 Germanic Indo-European Nominal Categories gol Gola 6 All nouns, always obligatory 7.25 -10.8333333333 Gola Niger-Congo Nominal Categories grb Grebo 6 All nouns, always obligatory 5.0 -8.0 Kru Niger-Congo Nominal Categories grk Greek (Modern) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 39.0 22.0 Greek Indo-European Nominal Categories grw Greenlandic (West) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 64.0 -51.0 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Nominal Categories gua Guaraní 2 Only human nouns, optional -26.0 -56.0 Maweti-Guarani Tupian Nominal Categories guj Gujarati 6 All nouns, always obligatory 23.0 72.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories grg Gurr-goni 1 No nominal plural -12.25 134.416666667 Burarran Mangrida Nominal Categories gus Gusii 6 All nouns, always obligatory -0.75 34.8333333333 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories hat Hatam 2 Only human nouns, optional -1.0 134.0 Hatim-Mansim Hatim-Mansim Nominal Categories hau Hausa 6 All nouns, always obligatory 12.0 7.0 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories hdi Hdi 4 All nouns, always optional 11.8666666667 13.7166666667 Biu-Mandara Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories heb Hebrew (Modern) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 31.5 34.8333333333 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories hin Hindi 6 All nouns, always obligatory 25.0 77.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories hix Hixkaryana 2 Only human nouns, optional -1.0 -59.0 Cariban Cariban Nominal Categories hma Hmar 4 All nouns, always optional 24.1666666667 93.0 Kuki-Chin Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories hmo Hmong Njua 1 No nominal plural 28.0 105.0 Hmongic Hmong-Mien Nominal Categories hoa Hoava 6 All nouns, always obligatory -8.08333333333 157.5 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories hun Hungarian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 47.0 20.0 Ugric Uralic Nominal Categories hzb Hunzib 6 All nouns, always obligatory 42.1666666667 46.25 Avar-Andic-Tsezic Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories ice Icelandic 6 All nouns, always obligatory 65.0 -17.0 Germanic Indo-European Nominal Categories ik Ik 6 All nouns, always obligatory 3.75 34.1666666667 Kuliak Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories imo Imonda 1 No nominal plural -3.33333333333 141.166666667 Border Border Nominal Categories ind Indonesian 4 All nouns, always optional 0.0 106.0 Malayo-Sumbawan Austronesian Nominal Categories irq Iraqw 6 All nouns, always obligatory -4.0 35.5 Southern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories iri Irish 6 All nouns, always obligatory 53.0 -8.0 Celtic Indo-European Nominal Categories ita Italian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 43.0 12.0 Romance Indo-European Nominal Categories itz Itzaj 6 All nouns, always obligatory 17.0 -89.8333333333 Mayan Mayan Nominal Categories jak Jakaltek 4 All nouns, always optional 15.6666666667 -91.6666666667 Mayan Mayan Nominal Categories jam Jaminjung 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -15.0833333333 130.5 Jaminjungan Mirndi Nominal Categories jpn Japanese 2 Only human nouns, optional 37.0 140.0 Japanese Japanese Nominal Categories juh Ju|'hoan 6 All nouns, always obligatory -19.0 21.0 Ju-Kung Kxa Nominal Categories kgu Kalkatungu 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -21.0 139.5 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories kma Kamaiurá 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -12.0833333333 -52.5833333333 Maweti-Guarani Tupian Nominal Categories kan Kana 1 No nominal plural 4.75 7.41666666667 Ogonoid Niger-Congo Nominal Categories knd Kannada 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 14.0 76.0 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories knr Kanuri 6 All nouns, always obligatory 12.0 13.0 Western Saharan Saharan Nominal Categories kay Kayardild 1 No nominal plural -17.05 139.5 Tangkic Tangkic Nominal Categories kem Kemant 6 All nouns, always obligatory 12.6666666667 37.4166666667 Central Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories ket Ket 6 All nouns, always obligatory 64.0 87.0 Yeniseian Yeniseian Nominal Categories kha Khalkha 4 All nouns, always optional 47.0 105.0 Mongolic Altaic Nominal Categories kmh Kham 6 All nouns, always obligatory 28.5 82.75 Himalayish Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories khm Khmer 4 All nouns, always optional 12.5 105.0 Khmer Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories koa Koasati 2 Only human nouns, optional 34.8333333333 -85.1666666667 Muskogean Muskogean Nominal Categories kob Kobon 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -5.16666666667 144.333333333 Kalam-Kobon Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories kod Kodava 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 12.1666666667 76.8333333333 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories kol Kolami 6 All nouns, always obligatory 20.0 78.5 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories kmb Kombai 1 No nominal plural -5.58333333333 140.0 Ndeiram Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories kda Konda 6 All nouns, always obligatory 19.5 83.0 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories kkn Konkani 6 All nouns, always obligatory 15.25 74.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories kku Korku 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 22.5 78.5 Munda Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories kfe Koromfe 6 All nouns, always obligatory 14.25 -0.916666666667 Koromfe Niger-Congo Nominal Categories krw Korowai 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -5.25 140.0 Becking-Dawi Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories kch Koyra Chiini 6 All nouns, always obligatory 17.0 -3.0 Songhay Songhay Nominal Categories kro Krongo 6 All nouns, always obligatory 10.5 30.0 Kadugli Kadu Nominal Categories kya Kuku-Yalanji 4 All nouns, always optional -16.0 145.0 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories kuk Kukú 6 All nouns, always obligatory 5.83333333333 31.6666666667 Western Nilotic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories kuo Kuot 6 All nouns, always obligatory -3.05 151.5 Kuot Kuot Nominal Categories krd Kurdish (Central) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 36.0 44.0 Iranian Indo-European Nominal Categories kut Kutenai 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 49.5 -116.0 Kutenai Kutenai Nominal Categories kwa Kwaio 4 All nouns, always optional -8.95 161.0 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories kat Kâte 2 Only human nouns, optional -6.5 147.75 Huon Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories lak Lak 6 All nouns, always obligatory 42.1666666667 47.1666666667 Lak Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories lmg Lamang 4 All nouns, always optional 11.25 13.5833333333 Biu-Mandara Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories lan Lango 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 2.16666666667 33.0 Western Nilotic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories lat Latvian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 57.0 24.0 Baltic Indo-European Nominal Categories lav Lavukaleve 6 All nouns, always obligatory -9.08333333333 159.2 Lavukaleve Solomons East Papuan Nominal Categories laz Laz 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 41.5 41.5 Kartvelian Kartvelian Nominal Categories lel Lele 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 9.08333333333 15.5833333333 East Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories lep Lepcha 6 All nouns, always obligatory 27.1666666667 88.5 Himalayish Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories lez Lezgian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 41.6666666667 47.8333333333 Lezgic Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories lil Lillooet 6 All nouns, always obligatory 50.75 -122.0 Interior Salish Salishan Nominal Categories lml Limilngan 1 No nominal plural -12.5 131.916666667 Limilngan Darwin Region Nominal Categories lit Lithuanian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 55.0 24.0 Baltic Indo-European Nominal Categories ara Lokono 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 5.5 -55.1666666667 Antillean Arawakan Arawakan Nominal Categories lug Lugbara 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 3.08333333333 30.9166666667 Moru-Ma'di Central Sudanic Nominal Categories luv Luvale 6 All nouns, always obligatory -12.0 22.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories mad Ma'di 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 3.25 31.5 Moru-Ma'di Central Sudanic Nominal Categories mac Macushi 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 4.0 -60.0 Cariban Cariban Nominal Categories mdm Madimadi 1 No nominal plural -34.5 143.5 Southeastern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories mdr Madurese 4 All nouns, always optional -7.0 113.5 Malayo-Sumbawan Austronesian Nominal Categories mpr Maipure 4 All nouns, always optional 5.5 -67.5 Alto-Orinoco Arawakan Nominal Categories maj Majang 6 All nouns, always obligatory 6.75 35.0 Majang Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories mym Malayalam 6 All nouns, always obligatory 10.0 76.5 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories mlt Maltese 6 All nouns, always obligatory 35.9166666667 14.4166666667 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories mto Malto 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 25.0 87.3333333333 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories mam Mam 4 All nouns, always optional 15.0 -91.8333333333 Mayan Mayan Nominal Categories mnm Manam 1 No nominal plural -4.0 145.0 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories mnd Mandarin 2 Only human nouns, optional 34.0 110.0 Chinese Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories mgg Mangghuer 4 All nouns, always optional 36.0 102.0 Mongolic Altaic Nominal Categories mao Maori 6 All nouns, always obligatory -40.0 176.0 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories map Mapudungun 1 No nominal plural -38.0 -72.0 Araucanian Araucanian Nominal Categories mku Maranungku 1 No nominal plural -13.6666666667 130.0 Wagaydy Western Daly Nominal Categories mar Maricopa 2 Only human nouns, optional 33.1666666667 -113.166666667 Yuman Hokan Nominal Categories mts Matis 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -4.41666666667 -70.25 Panoan Pano-Tacanan Nominal Categories myr Matsés 2 Only human nouns, optional -5.41666666667 -73.25 Panoan Pano-Tacanan Nominal Categories may Maybrat 1 No nominal plural -1.33333333333 132.5 Maybrat Maybrat Nominal Categories meh Mehri 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 17.0 51.5 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories mid Midob 4 All nouns, always optional 15.0833333333 26.25 Nubian Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories mig Migama 6 All nouns, always obligatory 12.1666666667 19.8333333333 East Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories mxc Mixtec (Chalcatongo) 4 All nouns, always optional 17.05 -97.5833333333 Mixtec Oto-Manguean Nominal Categories miy Miya 6 All nouns, always obligatory 10.9166666667 9.66666666667 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories mog Moghol 4 All nouns, always optional 35.0 62.0 Mongolic Altaic Nominal Categories mok Mokilese 6 All nouns, always obligatory 6.66666666667 159.75 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories mos Mosetén 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates -14.75 -67.8333333333 Mosetenan Mosetenan Nominal Categories mdg Mundang 6 All nouns, always obligatory 9.66666666667 14.5 Mbumic Niger-Congo Nominal Categories nab Nabak 4 All nouns, always optional -6.41666666667 147.0 Huon Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories nmi Nahuatl (Mecayapan Isthmus) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 18.25 -94.8333333333 Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories nph Nar-Phu 4 All nouns, always optional 28.6666666667 84.25 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories ndb Ndebele 6 All nouns, always obligatory -25.3333333333 29.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories nep Nepali 4 All nouns, always optional 28.0 85.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories new Newari (Kathmandu) 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 27.6666666667 85.5 Himalayish Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories ngl Ngalakan 2 Only human nouns, optional -14.25 134.0 Eastern Gunwinyguan Gunwinyguan Nominal Categories nti Ngiti 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 1.33333333333 30.25 Lendu Central Sudanic Nominal Categories ngi Ngiyambaa 4 All nouns, always optional -31.75 145.5 Southeastern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories nha Nhanda 4 All nouns, always optional -27.0 114.166666667 Western Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories nia Nias 1 No nominal plural 1.0 97.75 Northwest Sumatra-Barrier Islands Austronesian Nominal Categories niu Niuean 6 All nouns, always obligatory -19.05 -170.116666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories niv Nivkh 4 All nouns, always optional 53.3333333333 142.0 Nivkh Nivkh Nominal Categories nse Nsenga 6 All nouns, always obligatory -14.5 30.8333333333 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories nua Nuaulu 6 All nouns, always obligatory -3.25 129.166666667 Central Malayo-Polynesian Austronesian Nominal Categories nbd Nubian (Dongolese) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 18.25 30.75 Nubian Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories oji Ojibwa (Eastern) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 46.0 -80.0 Algonquian Algic Nominal Categories olu Olutec 4 All nouns, always optional 17.95 -95.0 Mixe-Zoque Mixe-Zoque Nominal Categories oya Oriya 4 All nouns, always optional 21.0 85.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories orh Oromo (Harar) 2 Only human nouns, optional 9.0 42.0 Lowland East Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories pno Paiute (Northern) 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 42.0 -118.0 Northern Uto-Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories pal Palauan 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 7.5 134.583333333 Palauan Austronesian Nominal Categories pan Panjabi 6 All nouns, always obligatory 31.0 74.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories ptt Pattani 6 All nouns, always obligatory 32.75 76.75 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories per Pero 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 9.58333333333 11.0 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories pga Pilagá 6 All nouns, always obligatory -25.0 -60.0 Qom Guaicuruan Nominal Categories prh Pirahã 1 No nominal plural -7.0 -62.0 Mura Mura Nominal Categories pmc Pomo (Central) 2 Only human nouns, optional 39.0 -123.333333333 Pomoan Hokan Nominal Categories pme Pomo (Eastern) 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 39.0 -122.666666667 Pomoan Hokan Nominal Categories por Portuguese 6 All nouns, always obligatory 39.0 -8.0 Romance Indo-European Nominal Categories qaf Qafar 6 All nouns, always obligatory 12.0 42.0 Lowland East Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories qia Qiang 4 All nouns, always optional 32.0 102.666666667 Na-Qiangic Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories qim Quechua (Imbabura) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 0.333333333333 -78.0 Quechuan Quechuan Nominal Categories ram Rama 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 11.75 -83.75 Rama Chibchan Nominal Categories rap Rapanui 4 All nouns, always optional -27.1166666667 -109.366666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories ret Retuarã 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -0.5 -70.6666666667 Tucanoan Tucanoan Nominal Categories rom Romanian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 46.0 25.0 Romance Indo-European Nominal Categories rot Rotuman 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -12.5 177.066666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories rus Russian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 56.0 38.0 Slavic Indo-European Nominal Categories ski Saami (Kildin) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 67.0 37.0 Saami Uralic Nominal Categories sno Saami (Northern) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 69.0 24.0 Saami Uralic Nominal Categories slb Saliba (in Papua New Guinea) 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -10.5833333333 150.716666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories syu Salt-Yui 1 No nominal plural -6.28333333333 145.033333333 Chimbu-Wahgi Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories sdw Sandawe 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -5.0 35.0 Sandawe Sandawe Nominal Categories sgu Sangu 6 All nouns, always obligatory -1.5 11.8333333333 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories sed Sedang 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 14.8333333333 108.0 Bahnaric Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories skp Selkup 6 All nouns, always obligatory 65.0 82.0 Samoyedic Uralic Nominal Categories scr Serbian-Croatian 6 All nouns, always obligatory 44.0 19.0 Slavic Indo-European Nominal Categories shk Shipibo-Konibo 4 All nouns, always optional -7.5 -75.0 Panoan Pano-Tacanan Nominal Categories sho Shoshone 6 All nouns, always obligatory 41.0 -114.0 Northern Uto-Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories sir Siar 6 All nouns, always obligatory -4.66666666667 152.916666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories som Somali 6 All nouns, always obligatory 3.0 45.0 Lowland East Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories son Sonsorol-Tobi 1 No nominal plural 5.33333333333 132.25 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories soq Soqotri 6 All nouns, always obligatory 12.5 54.0 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories sea Southeast Ambrym 4 All nouns, always optional -16.3 168.216666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories spa Spanish 6 All nouns, always obligatory 40.0 -4.0 Romance Indo-European Nominal Categories sud Sudest 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -11.5 153.45 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories sue Suena 2 Only human nouns, optional -7.75 147.55 Binanderean Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories sun Sundanese 4 All nouns, always optional -7.0 107.0 Malayo-Sumbawan Austronesian Nominal Categories sup Supyire 6 All nouns, always obligatory 11.5 -5.58333333333 Senufo Niger-Congo Nominal Categories swa Swahili 6 All nouns, always obligatory -6.5 39.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories swe Swedish 6 All nouns, always obligatory 60.0 15.0 Germanic Indo-European Nominal Categories tab Taba 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 0.0 127.5 South Halmahera - West New Guinea Austronesian Nominal Categories tag Tagalog 4 All nouns, always optional 15.0 121.0 Greater Central Philippine Austronesian Nominal Categories taf Taiof 6 All nouns, always obligatory -5.53333333333 154.633333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories tkl Takelma 4 All nouns, always optional 42.5 -123.0 Takelma Takelma Nominal Categories tmm Tamabo 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -15.6666666667 167.166666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories tml Tamil 5 All nouns, optional in inanimates 11.0 78.5 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories tau Tauya 4 All nouns, always optional -5.75 145.333333333 Rai Coast Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories tpn Tepehuan (Northern) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 26.3333333333 -107.0 Tepiman Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories tps Tepehuan (Southeastern) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 23.0 -104.5 Tepiman Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories trb Teribe 4 All nouns, always optional 9.33333333333 -82.6666666667 Western Isthmic Chibchan Chibchan Nominal Categories ttn Tetun 4 All nouns, always optional -9.0 126.0 Central Malayo-Polynesian Austronesian Nominal Categories tis Tibetan (Shigatse) 1 No nominal plural 29.0 89.0 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories tib Tibetan (Standard Spoken) 4 All nouns, always optional 30.0 91.0 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories tid Tidore 1 No nominal plural 0.75 127.5 North Halmaheran North Halmaheran Nominal Categories tig Tigrinya 6 All nouns, always obligatory 14.5 38.5 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories tja Tiipay (Jamul) 3 Only human nouns, obligatory 32.1666666667 -116.5 Yuman Hokan Nominal Categories tik Tikar 6 All nouns, always obligatory 5.83333333333 11.6666666667 Tikar Niger-Congo Nominal Categories tin Tinrin 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -21.6666666667 165.75 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories tiw Tiwi 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -11.5 131.0 Tiwian Tiwian Nominal Categories tlo Tobelo 1 No nominal plural 1.5 128.5 North Halmaheran North Halmaheran Nominal Categories trw Torwali 6 All nouns, always obligatory 34.25 72.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories tru Trumai 3 Only human nouns, obligatory -11.9166666667 -53.5833333333 Trumai Trumai Nominal Categories tgn Tugun 6 All nouns, always obligatory -7.71666666667 126.75 Central Malayo-Polynesian Austronesian Nominal Categories tur Turkish 6 All nouns, always obligatory 39.0 35.0 Turkic Altaic Nominal Categories tvl Tuvaluan 6 All nouns, always obligatory -8.5 179.166666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories tzu Tzutujil 6 All nouns, always obligatory 14.6666666667 -91.3333333333 Mayan Mayan Nominal Categories udh Udihe 2 Only human nouns, optional 47.6666666667 136.25 Tungusic Altaic Nominal Categories udm Udmurt 6 All nouns, always obligatory 57.5 52.5 Permic Uralic Nominal Categories uli Ulithian 4 All nouns, always optional 9.91666666667 139.583333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories usa Usan 1 No nominal plural -4.83333333333 145.166666667 North Adelbert Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories vie Vietnamese 4 All nouns, always optional 10.5 106.5 Vietic Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories wam Wambaya 4 All nouns, always optional -18.6666666667 135.75 Wambayan Mirndi Nominal Categories wrd Wardaman 4 All nouns, always optional -15.5 131.0 Yangmanic Yangmanic Nominal Categories wir Wirangu 1 No nominal plural -32.0 134.0 Central Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories yny Yanyuwa 2 Only human nouns, optional -16.4166666667 137.166666667 Western Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories yaq Yaqui 6 All nouns, always obligatory 27.5 -110.25 Cahita Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories ywl Yawelmani 4 All nouns, always optional 35.4166666667 -119.0 Yokuts Penutian Nominal Categories ywr Yawuru 4 All nouns, always optional -18.0 122.5 Nyulnyulan Nyulnyulan Nominal Categories yey Yeyi 6 All nouns, always obligatory -20.0 23.5 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories yid Yidiny 1 No nominal plural -17.0 145.75 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories yim Yimas 6 All nouns, always obligatory -4.66666666667 143.55 Lower Sepik Ramu-Lower Sepik Nominal Categories yng Yingkarta 1 No nominal plural -25.1666666667 114.833333333 Western Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories yor Yoruba 4 All nouns, always optional 8.0 4.33333333333 Defoid Niger-Congo Nominal Categories ypk Yup'ik (Central) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 59.5 -160.0 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Nominal Categories zaq Zapotec (Quiegolani) 1 No nominal plural 16.1666666667 -96.0833333333 Zapotecan Oto-Manguean Nominal Categories zay Zayse 6 All nouns, always obligatory 5.91666666667 37.3333333333 Ta-Ne-Omotic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories zaz Zazaki 6 All nouns, always obligatory 39.0 41.0 Iranian Indo-European Nominal Categories zch Zoque (Chimalapa) 6 All nouns, always obligatory 16.75 -94.75 Mixe-Zoque Mixe-Zoque Nominal Categories zul Zulu 6 All nouns, always obligatory -30.0 30.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories zun Zuni 6 All nouns, always obligatory 35.0833333333 -108.833333333 Zuni Zuni Nominal Categories