Anna Siewierska. 2013. Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns. In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.) WALS Online (v2020.4) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13950591 (Available online at http://wals.info/chapter/44, Accessed on 2026-06-09.) wals code name value description latitude longitude genus family area ani //Ani 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person -18.9166666667 21.9166666667 Khoe-Kwadi Khoe-Kwadi Nominal Categories abi Abipón 6 No gender distinctions -29.0 -61.0 Abipon Guaicuruan Nominal Categories abk Abkhaz 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 43.0833333333 41.0 Northwest Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Nominal Categories abu Abun 3 3rd person singular only -0.5 132.5 Abun Abun Nominal Categories ace Acehnese 6 No gender distinctions 5.5 95.5 Malayo-Sumbawan Austronesian Nominal Categories acm Achumawi 6 No gender distinctions 41.5 -121.0 Achumawi Hokan Nominal Categories adz Adzera 6 No gender distinctions -6.25 146.25 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories ain Ainu 6 No gender distinctions 43.0 143.0 Ainu Ainu Nominal Categories ala Alamblak 3 3rd person singular only -4.66666666667 143.333333333 Sepik Hill Sepik Nominal Categories alb Albanian 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 41.0 20.0 Albanian Indo-European Nominal Categories ame Amele 6 No gender distinctions -5.25 145.583333333 Mabuso Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories amh Amharic 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 10.0 38.0 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories amu Amuesha 6 No gender distinctions -10.5 -75.4166666667 Yanesha' Arawakan Nominal Categories anj Anejom 6 No gender distinctions -20.2 169.8 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories ane Anêm 3 3rd person singular only -5.58333333333 149.083333333 Anêm Anêm Nominal Categories apu Apurinã 3 3rd person singular only -9.0 -67.0 Purus Arawakan Nominal Categories abn Arabana 6 No gender distinctions -28.25 136.25 Central Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories aeg Arabic (Egyptian) 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 30.0 31.0 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories ana Araona 6 No gender distinctions -12.3333333333 -67.75 Tacanan Pano-Tacanan Nominal Categories arp Arapesh (Mountain) 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -3.46666666667 143.166666667 Kombio-Arapesh Torricelli Nominal Categories arm Armenian (Eastern) 6 No gender distinctions 40.0 45.0 Armenian Indo-European Nominal Categories asm Asmat 6 No gender distinctions -5.5 138.5 Asmat-Kamrau Bay Asmat-Kamrau Bay Nominal Categories atk Atakapa 6 No gender distinctions 30.0 -93.5 Atakapa Atakapa Nominal Categories ata Atayal 6 No gender distinctions 24.5 121.333333333 Atayalic Austronesian Nominal Categories au Au 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -3.58333333333 142.083333333 Central Wapei Torricelli Nominal Categories awp Awa Pit 6 No gender distinctions 1.5 -78.25 Barbacoan Barbacoan Nominal Categories awt Awtuw 3 3rd person singular only -3.58333333333 142.0 Ram Sepik Nominal Categories aym Aymara (Central) 6 No gender distinctions -17.0 -69.0 Aymaran Aymaran Nominal Categories bab Babungo 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 6.11666666667 10.4166666667 Wide Grassfields Niger-Congo Nominal Categories bag Bagirmi 6 No gender distinctions 11.6666666667 16.0 Bongo-Bagirmi Central Sudanic Nominal Categories bam Bambara 6 No gender distinctions 12.5 -7.5 Western Mande Mande Nominal Categories bnj Bandjalang 3 3rd person singular only -28.75 153.0 Southeastern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories baa Barai 6 No gender distinctions -9.33333333333 148.083333333 Koiarian Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories brs Barasano 3 3rd person singular only -0.166666666667 -70.6666666667 Tucanoan Tucanoan Nominal Categories bar Bari 6 No gender distinctions 5.0 31.6666666667 Eastern Nilotic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories bsq Basque 6 No gender distinctions 43.0 -3.0 Basque Basque Nominal Categories bkr Batak (Karo) 6 No gender distinctions 3.25 98.25 Northwest Sumatra-Barrier Islands Austronesian Nominal Categories baw Bawm 6 No gender distinctions 22.5 92.25 Kuki-Chin Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories bej Beja 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 18.0 36.0 Beja Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories bma Berber (Middle Atlas) 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 33.0 -5.0 Berber Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories ber Berta 6 No gender distinctions 10.3333333333 34.6666666667 Berta Berta Nominal Categories bln Bilin 3 3rd person singular only 15.75 38.5 Central Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories brr Bororo 6 No gender distinctions -16.0 -57.0 Bororoan Bororoan Nominal Categories brh Brahui 6 No gender distinctions 28.5 67.0 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories bri Bribri 6 No gender distinctions 9.41666666667 -83.0 Western Isthmic Chibchan Chibchan Nominal Categories bro Broken 6 No gender distinctions -10.1666666667 143.0 Creoles and Pidgins other Nominal Categories brm Burmese 3 3rd person singular only 21.0 96.0 Burmese-Lolo Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories brn Burunge 4 1st or 2nd person but not 3rd -5.33333333333 36.0 Southern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories bur Burushaski 3 3rd person singular only 36.5 74.5 Burushaski Burushaski Nominal Categories bya Byansi 6 No gender distinctions 30.1666666667 80.5 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories cah Cahuilla 6 No gender distinctions 33.5 -116.25 Northern Uto-Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories cax Campa (Axininca) 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -12.0 -74.0 Pre-Andine Arawakan Arawakan Nominal Categories can Candoshi 6 No gender distinctions -4.16666666667 -77.0 Candoshi Candoshi Nominal Categories cnl Canela 6 No gender distinctions -7.0 -45.0 Je Setentrional Macro-Ge Nominal Categories cap Capanahua 6 No gender distinctions -7.0 -74.0 Panoan Pano-Tacanan Nominal Categories car Carib 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 5.5 -56.0 Cariban Cariban Nominal Categories cav Cavineña 6 No gender distinctions -13.3333333333 -66.5 Tacanan Pano-Tacanan Nominal Categories cyv Cayuvava 6 No gender distinctions -13.5 -65.5 Cayuvava Cayuvava Nominal Categories cha Chamorro 6 No gender distinctions 13.45 144.75 Chamorro Austronesian Nominal Categories cpn Chepang 6 No gender distinctions 27.6666666667 84.75 Himalayish Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories cle Chinantec (Lealao) 6 No gender distinctions 17.3333333333 -95.9166666667 Chinantecan Oto-Manguean Nominal Categories ckl Chinook (Lower) 3 3rd person singular only 46.25 -123.5 Chinookan Penutian Nominal Categories chr Chrau 6 No gender distinctions 10.75 107.5 Bahnaric Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories chk Chukchi 6 No gender distinctions 67.0 -173.0 Northern Chukotko-Kamchatkan Chukotko-Kamchatkan Nominal Categories cba Chumash (Barbareño) 6 No gender distinctions 34.5 -120.25 Chumash Chumash Nominal Categories cbo Chácobo 6 No gender distinctions -12.1666666667 -66.75 Panoan Pano-Tacanan Nominal Categories cmn Comanche 6 No gender distinctions 33.5 -101.5 Northern Uto-Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories cmx Comox 6 No gender distinctions 50.1666666667 -125.0 Central Salish Salishan Nominal Categories coo Coos (Hanis) 6 No gender distinctions 43.5 -124.166666667 Coosan Oregon Coast Nominal Categories cop Coptic 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 26.0 32.0 Egyptian-Coptic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories cor Cora 6 No gender distinctions 22.1666666667 -104.833333333 Corachol Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories cre Cree (Plains) 3 3rd person singular only 54.0 -110.0 Algonquian Algic Nominal Categories cri Crimean Tatar 6 No gender distinctions 45.0 34.0833333333 Turkic Altaic Nominal Categories cub Cubeo 3 3rd person singular only 1.33333333333 -70.5 Tucanoan Tucanoan Nominal Categories dag Daga 6 No gender distinctions -10.0 149.333333333 Dagan Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories dga Dagaare 5 3rd person non-singular only 10.5 -2.66666666667 Oti-Volta Niger-Congo Nominal Categories dgr Dagur 6 No gender distinctions 48.0 124.0 Mongolic Altaic Nominal Categories dni Dani (Lower Grand Valley) 6 No gender distinctions -4.33333333333 138.833333333 Dani Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories dio Diola-Fogny 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 13.0 -16.25 Jola Niger-Congo Nominal Categories diz Dizi 3 3rd person singular only 6.16666666667 36.5 Dizoid Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories don Dong (Southern) 6 No gender distinctions 27.0 109.0 Kam-Tai Tai-Kadai Nominal Categories doy Doyayo 6 No gender distinctions 8.66666666667 13.0833333333 Samba-Duru Niger-Congo Nominal Categories dre Drehu 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -21.0 167.25 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories dum Dumo 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person -2.68333333333 141.3 Western Skou Skou Nominal Categories dut Dutch 3 3rd person singular only 52.5 6.0 Germanic Indo-European Nominal Categories eka Ekari 6 No gender distinctions -3.83333333333 135.5 Paniai Lakes Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories eng English 3 3rd person singular only 52.0 0.0 Germanic Indo-European Nominal Categories epe Epena Pedee 6 No gender distinctions 3.0 -77.0 Choco Choco Nominal Categories err Erromangan 6 No gender distinctions -18.8333333333 169.166666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories eve Evenki 6 No gender distinctions 56.0 125.0 Tungusic Altaic Nominal Categories ewe Ewe 6 No gender distinctions 6.33333333333 0.416666666667 Gbe Niger-Congo Nominal Categories fij Fijian 6 No gender distinctions -17.8333333333 178.0 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories fin Finnish 6 No gender distinctions 62.0 25.0 Finnic Uralic Nominal Categories fre French 3 3rd person singular only 48.0 2.0 Romance Indo-European Nominal Categories fua Fulfulde (Adamawa) 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 9.16666666667 13.5 Peul-Serer Niger-Congo Nominal Categories fur Fur 6 No gender distinctions 13.5 25.0 Fur Fur Nominal Categories gar Garo 6 No gender distinctions 25.6666666667 90.5 Brahmaputran Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories geo Georgian 6 No gender distinctions 42.0 44.0 Kartvelian Kartvelian Nominal Categories ger German 3 3rd person singular only 52.0 10.0 Germanic Indo-European Nominal Categories god Godoberi 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 42.6666666667 46.0833333333 Avar-Andic-Tsezic Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories goo Gooniyandi 6 No gender distinctions -18.3333333333 126.333333333 Bunuban Bunuban Nominal Categories grb Grebo 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 5.0 -8.0 Kru Niger-Congo Nominal Categories grk Greek (Modern) 3 3rd person singular only 39.0 22.0 Greek Indo-European Nominal Categories grw Greenlandic (West) 6 No gender distinctions 64.0 -51.0 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Nominal Categories gua Guaraní 6 No gender distinctions -26.0 -56.0 Maweti-Guarani Tupian Nominal Categories gud Gude 3 3rd person singular only 10.4166666667 13.4166666667 Biu-Mandara Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories gmw Gumawana 6 No gender distinctions -9.25 150.833333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories guu Guugu Yimidhirr 6 No gender distinctions -15.0 144.833333333 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories hai Haida 6 No gender distinctions 53.0 -132.0 Haida Haida Nominal Categories hlu Halkomelem (Upriver) 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 49.25 -121.916666667 Central Salish Salishan Nominal Categories hmr Hamer 6 No gender distinctions 5.0 36.5 South Omotic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories ham Hamtai 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -7.5 146.25 Nuclear Angan Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories hat Hatam 6 No gender distinctions -1.0 134.0 Hatim-Mansim Hatim-Mansim Nominal Categories hau Hausa 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 12.0 7.0 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories heb Hebrew (Modern) 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 31.5 34.8333333333 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories hin Hindi 6 No gender distinctions 25.0 77.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories hix Hixkaryana 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -1.0 -59.0 Cariban Cariban Nominal Categories hmo Hmong Njua 6 No gender distinctions 28.0 105.0 Hmongic Hmong-Mien Nominal Categories hua Hua 6 No gender distinctions -6.33333333333 145.333333333 Siane-Yagaria Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories hmu Huitoto (Muinane) 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -2.41666666667 -71.0 Witoto Witotoan Nominal Categories hun Hungarian 6 No gender distinctions 47.0 20.0 Ugric Uralic Nominal Categories hzb Hunzib 6 No gender distinctions 42.1666666667 46.25 Avar-Andic-Tsezic Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories igb Igbo 6 No gender distinctions 6.0 7.33333333333 Igboid Niger-Congo Nominal Categories ijo Ijo (Kolokuma) 3 3rd person singular only 4.91666666667 5.66666666667 Ijoid Ijoid Nominal Categories ika Ika 6 No gender distinctions 10.6666666667 -73.75 Arhuacic Chibchan Nominal Categories imo Imonda 6 No gender distinctions -3.33333333333 141.166666667 Border Border Nominal Categories ind Indonesian 6 No gender distinctions 0.0 106.0 Malayo-Sumbawan Austronesian Nominal Categories ing Ingush 6 No gender distinctions 43.1666666667 45.0833333333 Nakh Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories iqu Iquito 6 No gender distinctions -3.25 -74.0 Zaparoan Zaparoan Nominal Categories irq Iraqw 4 1st or 2nd person but not 3rd -4.0 35.5 Southern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories iri Irish 3 3rd person singular only 53.0 -8.0 Celtic Indo-European Nominal Categories ita Italian 3 3rd person singular only 43.0 12.0 Romance Indo-European Nominal Categories jak Jakaltek 6 No gender distinctions 15.6666666667 -91.6666666667 Mayan Mayan Nominal Categories jpn Japanese 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 37.0 140.0 Japanese Japanese Nominal Categories jaq Jaqaru 6 No gender distinctions -13.0 -76.0 Aymaran Aymaran Nominal Categories juh Ju|'hoan 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -19.0 21.0 Ju-Kung Kxa Nominal Categories kgu Kalkatungu 6 No gender distinctions -21.0 139.5 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories knd Kannada 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 14.0 76.0 Dravidian Dravidian Nominal Categories knr Kanuri 6 No gender distinctions 12.0 13.0 Western Saharan Saharan Nominal Categories kpm Kapampangan 6 No gender distinctions 15.3333333333 120.5 Central Luzon Austronesian Nominal Categories kna Karitiâna 6 No gender distinctions -9.5 -64.0 Arikem Tupian Nominal Categories krk Karok 6 No gender distinctions 41.6666666667 -123.0 Karok Hokan Nominal Categories kas Kashmiri 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 34.0 76.0 Indic Indo-European Nominal Categories ktl Katla 6 No gender distinctions 11.8333333333 29.3333333333 Katla-Tima Kordofanian Nominal Categories kws Kawaiisu 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 36.0 -117.5 Northern Uto-Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories kyl Kayah Li (Eastern) 6 No gender distinctions 19.0 97.5 Karen Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories kay Kayardild 6 No gender distinctions -17.05 139.5 Tangkic Tangkic Nominal Categories ker Kera 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 9.83333333333 15.0833333333 East Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories ket Ket 6 No gender distinctions 64.0 87.0 Yeniseian Yeniseian Nominal Categories kew Kewa 6 No gender distinctions -6.5 143.833333333 Enga_Kewa-Huli Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories kha Khalkha 6 No gender distinctions 47.0 105.0 Mongolic Altaic Nominal Categories khs Khasi 3 3rd person singular only 25.5 92.0 Khasian Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories khm Khmer 6 No gender distinctions 12.5 105.0 Khmer Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories kmu Khmu' 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 21.0 102.0 Khmuic Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories klv Kilivila 3 3rd person singular only -8.5 151.083333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories kio Kiowa 6 No gender distinctions 37.0 -99.0 Kiowa-Tanoan Kiowa-Tanoan Nominal Categories krb Kiribati 6 No gender distinctions 1.33333333333 173.0 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories kis Kisi 6 No gender distinctions 8.83333333333 -10.1666666667 Southern Mel Niger-Congo Nominal Categories koa Koasati 6 No gender distinctions 34.8333333333 -85.1666666667 Muskogean Muskogean Nominal Categories kob Kobon 6 No gender distinctions -5.16666666667 144.333333333 Kalam-Kobon Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories klk Koh 6 No gender distinctions 8.0 15.5 Mbumic Niger-Congo Nominal Categories kom Komo 3 3rd person singular only 8.75 33.75 Koman Koman Nominal Categories kon Kongo 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -5.0 15.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories kjo Konjo 6 No gender distinctions -5.46666666667 120.333333333 South Sulawesi Austronesian Nominal Categories kor Korean 3 3rd person singular only 37.5 128.0 Korean Korean Nominal Categories kfe Koromfe 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 14.25 -0.916666666667 Koromfe Niger-Congo Nominal Categories kos Kosraean 6 No gender distinctions 5.3 163.0 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories kch Koyra Chiini 6 No gender distinctions 17.0 -3.0 Songhay Songhay Nominal Categories kse Koyraboro Senni 6 No gender distinctions 16.0 0.0 Songhay Songhay Nominal Categories kro Krongo 3 3rd person singular only 10.5 30.0 Kadugli Kadu Nominal Categories kuk Kukú 6 No gender distinctions 5.83333333333 31.6666666667 Western Nilotic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories knm Kunama 6 No gender distinctions 14.5 37.0 Kunama Kunama Nominal Categories krd Kurdish (Central) 6 No gender distinctions 36.0 44.0 Iranian Indo-European Nominal Categories kut Kutenai 6 No gender distinctions 49.5 -116.0 Kutenai Kutenai Nominal Categories kwz Kwaza 6 No gender distinctions -12.5833333333 -60.6666666667 Kwaza Kwaza Nominal Categories lad Ladakhi 6 No gender distinctions 34.0 78.0 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories lah Lahu 6 No gender distinctions 20.0 98.1666666667 Burmese-Lolo Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories lak Lak 6 No gender distinctions 42.1666666667 47.1666666667 Lak Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories lkt Lakhota 6 No gender distinctions 43.8333333333 -101.833333333 Mississippi Valley Siouan Siouan Nominal Categories lan Lango 6 No gender distinctions 2.16666666667 33.0 Western Nilotic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories lrk Larike 6 No gender distinctions -3.75 127.916666667 Central Malayo-Polynesian Austronesian Nominal Categories lat Latvian 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 57.0 24.0 Baltic Indo-European Nominal Categories lav Lavukaleve 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -9.08333333333 159.2 Lavukaleve Solomons East Papuan Nominal Categories lel Lele 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 9.08333333333 15.5833333333 East Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories lep Lepcha 6 No gender distinctions 27.1666666667 88.5 Himalayish Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories lez Lezgian 6 No gender distinctions 41.6666666667 47.8333333333 Lezgic Nakh-Daghestanian Nominal Categories lim Limbu 6 No gender distinctions 27.1666666667 87.75 Himalayish Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories ara Lokono 3 3rd person singular only 5.5 -55.1666666667 Antillean Arawakan Arawakan Nominal Categories kkv Lusi 6 No gender distinctions -5.58333333333 149.666666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories luv Luvale 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -12.0 22.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories mle Maale 3 3rd person singular only 6.0 36.9166666667 Ta-Ne-Omotic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories mab Maba 6 No gender distinctions 13.75 20.8333333333 Maban Maban Nominal Categories mac Macushi 6 No gender distinctions 4.0 -60.0 Cariban Cariban Nominal Categories mne Maidu (Northeast) 6 No gender distinctions 40.0 -120.666666667 Maiduan Penutian Nominal Categories msn Maisin 6 No gender distinctions -9.5 149.166666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories mak Makah 6 No gender distinctions 48.3333333333 -124.666666667 Southern Wakashan Wakashan Nominal Categories mal Malagasy 6 No gender distinctions -20.0 47.0 Barito Austronesian Nominal Categories mlk Malakmalak 3 3rd person singular only -13.4166666667 130.416666667 Northern Daly Northern Daly Nominal Categories mnd Mandarin 3 3rd person singular only 34.0 110.0 Chinese Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories myi Mangarrayi 6 No gender distinctions -14.6666666667 133.5 Mangarrayi Mangarrayi-Maran Nominal Categories mao Maori 6 No gender distinctions -40.0 176.0 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories map Mapudungun 6 No gender distinctions -38.0 -72.0 Araucanian Araucanian Nominal Categories mku Maranungku 3 3rd person singular only -13.6666666667 130.0 Wagaydy Western Daly Nominal Categories mar Maricopa 6 No gender distinctions 33.1666666667 -113.166666667 Yuman Hokan Nominal Categories mrd Marind 3 3rd person singular only -7.83333333333 140.166666667 Marind-Yaqay Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories mrt Martuthunira 6 No gender distinctions -20.8333333333 116.5 Western Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories msl Masalit 6 No gender distinctions 13.3333333333 22.0 Maban Maban Nominal Categories mau Maung 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -11.9166666667 133.5 Iwaidjan Iwaidjan Nominal Categories mcr Mauritian Creole 6 No gender distinctions -20.3333333333 57.5 Creoles and Pidgins other Nominal Categories may Maybrat 3 3rd person singular only -1.33333333333 132.5 Maybrat Maybrat Nominal Categories mei Meithei 6 No gender distinctions 24.75 94.0 Manipuri Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories mde Mende 6 No gender distinctions 7.83333333333 -11.5 Western Mande Mande Nominal Categories mis Miskito 6 No gender distinctions 14.0 -83.6666666667 Misumalpan Misumalpan Nominal Categories mss Miwok (Southern Sierra) 6 No gender distinctions 37.5 -120.0 Miwok Penutian Nominal Categories mxc Mixtec (Chalcatongo) 6 No gender distinctions 17.05 -97.5833333333 Mixtec Oto-Manguean Nominal Categories miz Mizo 6 No gender distinctions 23.1666666667 92.8333333333 Kuki-Chin Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories mlm Mlabri (Minor) 6 No gender distinctions 18.5 101.0 Khmuic Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories moh Mohawk 3 3rd person singular only 43.5 -74.25 Northern Iroquoian Iroquoian Nominal Categories moa Mono-Alu 6 No gender distinctions -7.05 155.75 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories mum Mumuye 6 No gender distinctions 9.0 11.6666666667 Mumuye-Yandang Niger-Congo Nominal Categories mna Muna 6 No gender distinctions -5.0 122.5 Celebic Austronesian Nominal Categories mun Mundari 3 3rd person singular only 23.0 84.6666666667 Munda Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories mup Mupun 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 9.5 8.83333333333 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories mrl Murle 6 No gender distinctions 6.5 33.5 South Surmic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories nad Nadëb 6 No gender distinctions -1.0 -66.5 Nadahup Nadahup Nominal Categories nht Nahuatl (Tetelcingo) 6 No gender distinctions 19.6666666667 -99.0 Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories nak Nakanai 6 No gender distinctions -5.58333333333 150.583333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories kho Nama 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person -25.5 18.0 Khoe-Kwadi Khoe-Kwadi Nominal Categories nmb Nambikuára (Southern) 3 3rd person singular only -14.0 -59.5 Nambikuaran Nambikuaran Nominal Categories nai Nanai 6 No gender distinctions 49.5 137.0 Tungusic Altaic Nominal Categories nan Nandi 6 No gender distinctions 0.25 35.0 Eastern Nilotic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories nas Nasioi 3 3rd person singular only -6.33333333333 155.583333333 South Bougainville South Bougainville Nominal Categories nav Navajo 3 3rd person singular only 36.1666666667 -108.0 Athapaskan Na-Dene Nominal Categories ndo Ndonga 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -18.0 17.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories ndy Ndyuka 6 No gender distinctions 4.5 -54.5 Creoles and Pidgins other Nominal Categories ntu Nenets 6 No gender distinctions 70.0 76.0 Samoyedic Uralic Nominal Categories nez Nez Perce 6 No gender distinctions 46.0 -116.0 Sahaptian Penutian Nominal Categories ngl Ngalakan 3 3rd person singular only -14.25 134.0 Eastern Gunwinyguan Gunwinyguan Nominal Categories ngk Ngankikurungkurr 3 3rd person singular only -14.0 130.5 Ngankikurungkurr Southern Daly Nominal Categories nti Ngiti 6 No gender distinctions 1.33333333333 30.25 Lendu Central Sudanic Nominal Categories ngi Ngiyambaa 6 No gender distinctions -31.75 145.5 Southeastern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories nbr Ngäbere 6 No gender distinctions 8.66666666667 -82.0 Guaymiic Chibchan Nominal Categories niv Nivkh 6 No gender distinctions 53.3333333333 142.0 Nivkh Nivkh Nominal Categories nko Nkore-Kiga 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -0.916666666667 29.8333333333 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories noo Noon 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 14.8333333333 -16.8333333333 Cangin Niger-Congo Nominal Categories nbd Nubian (Dongolese) 6 No gender distinctions 18.25 30.75 Nubian Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories nug Nunggubuyu 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person -13.75 135.666666667 Nunggubuyu Gunwinyguan Nominal Categories nup Nupe 6 No gender distinctions 9.16666666667 5.41666666667 Nupoid Niger-Congo Nominal Categories nuu Nuuchahnulth 6 No gender distinctions 49.6666666667 -126.666666667 Southern Wakashan Wakashan Nominal Categories nyu Nyulnyul 6 No gender distinctions -17.0 122.833333333 Nyulnyulan Nyulnyulan Nominal Categories ond Oneida 6 No gender distinctions 43.0 -75.6666666667 Northern Iroquoian Iroquoian Nominal Categories orh Oromo (Harar) 3 3rd person singular only 9.0 42.0 Lowland East Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Nominal Categories oss Ossetic 6 No gender distinctions 43.0 44.0 Iranian Indo-European Nominal Categories otm Otomí (Mezquital) 6 No gender distinctions 20.1666666667 -99.1666666667 Otomian Oto-Manguean Nominal Categories pms Paamese 6 No gender distinctions -16.5 168.25 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories pai Paiwan 6 No gender distinctions 22.5 120.833333333 Paiwan Austronesian Nominal Categories pal Palauan 6 No gender distinctions 7.5 134.583333333 Palauan Austronesian Nominal Categories plk Palikur 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 3.0 -51.0 Palikur Arawakan Nominal Categories pny Panyjima 6 No gender distinctions -22.8333333333 118.416666667 Western Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories psm Passamaquoddy-Maliseet 3 3rd person singular only 45.0 -67.0 Algonquian Algic Nominal Categories pau Paumarí 3 3rd person singular only -6.0 -64.0 Arauan Arauan Nominal Categories pec Pech 6 No gender distinctions 15.0 -85.5 Pech Chibchan Nominal Categories prs Persian 3 3rd person singular only 32.0 54.0 Iranian Indo-European Nominal Categories pip Pipil 6 No gender distinctions 13.8333333333 -89.5833333333 Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories prh Pirahã 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -7.0 -62.0 Mura Mura Nominal Categories pit Pitjantjatjara 6 No gender distinctions -26.0 130.0 Western Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories pol Polish 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 52.0 20.0 Slavic Indo-European Nominal Categories pso Pomo (Southeastern) 3 3rd person singular only 39.0 -122.5 Pomoan Hokan Nominal Categories psj Popoloca (San Juan Atzingo) 3 3rd person singular only 18.1666666667 -96.4166666667 Popolocan Oto-Manguean Nominal Categories pur Purépecha 6 No gender distinctions 19.5 -101.666666667 Tarascan Tarascan Nominal Categories par Päri 6 No gender distinctions 5.0 32.5 Western Nilotic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories qaw Qawasqar 6 No gender distinctions -49.0 -75.0 Alacalufan Alacalufan Nominal Categories qim Quechua (Imbabura) 6 No gender distinctions 0.333333333333 -78.0 Quechuan Quechuan Nominal Categories qui Quileute 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 47.9166666667 -124.25 Chimakuan Chimakuan Nominal Categories ram Rama 6 No gender distinctions 11.75 -83.75 Rama Chibchan Nominal Categories rap Rapanui 6 No gender distinctions -27.1166666667 -109.366666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories rem Remo 6 No gender distinctions 18.0 82.0 Munda Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories ret Retuarã 3 3rd person singular only -0.5 -70.6666666667 Tucanoan Tucanoan Nominal Categories rus Russian 3 3rd person singular only 56.0 38.0 Slavic Indo-European Nominal Categories sah Sahu 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 1.16666666667 127.5 North Halmaheran North Halmaheran Nominal Categories sal Salinan 6 No gender distinctions 36.0 -121.0 Salinan Hokan Nominal Categories syu Salt-Yui 6 No gender distinctions -6.28333333333 145.033333333 Chimbu-Wahgi Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories sam Samoan 6 No gender distinctions -13.9166666667 -171.833333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories san Sango 6 No gender distinctions 5.0 18.0 Ubangi Niger-Congo Nominal Categories snm Sanuma 6 No gender distinctions 4.5 -64.6666666667 Yanomam Yanomam Nominal Categories srm Saramaccan 6 No gender distinctions 4.5 -55.5 Creoles and Pidgins other Nominal Categories saw Sawu 6 No gender distinctions -11.5 121.916666667 Central Malayo-Polynesian Austronesian Nominal Categories slp Selepet 6 No gender distinctions -6.16666666667 147.166666667 Huon Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories sel Selknam 6 No gender distinctions -53.0 -70.0 Chonan Proper Chonan Nominal Categories sem Sema 3 3rd person singular only 26.0 94.5 Angami-Pochuri Sino-Tibetan Nominal Categories sml Semelai 6 No gender distinctions 3.0 103.0 Aslian Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories snt Sentani 6 No gender distinctions -2.58333333333 140.583333333 Sentanic Sentanic Nominal Categories shk Shipibo-Konibo 6 No gender distinctions -7.5 -75.0 Panoan Pano-Tacanan Nominal Categories siu Siuslaw 6 No gender distinctions 44.0 -124.0 Siuslawan Oregon Coast Nominal Categories sla Slave 6 No gender distinctions 67.0 -125.0 Athapaskan Na-Dene Nominal Categories so So 6 No gender distinctions 2.58333333333 34.75 Kuliak Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories spa Spanish 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 40.0 -4.0 Romance Indo-European Nominal Categories squ Squamish 6 No gender distinctions 49.6666666667 -123.166666667 Central Salish Salishan Nominal Categories sue Suena 6 No gender distinctions -7.75 147.55 Binanderean Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories sun Sundanese 6 No gender distinctions -7.0 107.0 Malayo-Sumbawan Austronesian Nominal Categories sup Supyire 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 11.5 -5.58333333333 Senufo Niger-Congo Nominal Categories swa Swahili 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -6.5 39.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories tab Taba 6 No gender distinctions 0.0 127.5 South Halmahera - West New Guinea Austronesian Nominal Categories tag Tagalog 6 No gender distinctions 15.0 121.0 Greater Central Philippine Austronesian Nominal Categories tap Taiap 3 3rd person singular only -4.08333333333 144.5 Taiap Taiap Nominal Categories tkl Takelma 6 No gender distinctions 42.5 -123.0 Takelma Takelma Nominal Categories tau Tauya 6 No gender distinctions -5.75 145.333333333 Rai Coast Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories taw Tawala 6 No gender distinctions -10.3333333333 150.666666667 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories tmr Temiar 6 No gender distinctions 5.0 101.5 Aslian Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories tpn Tepehuan (Northern) 6 No gender distinctions 26.3333333333 -107.0 Tepiman Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories trb Teribe 6 No gender distinctions 9.33333333333 -82.6666666667 Western Isthmic Chibchan Chibchan Nominal Categories tha Thai 6 No gender distinctions 16.0 101.0 Kam-Tai Tai-Kadai Nominal Categories tid Tidore 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 0.75 127.5 North Halmaheran North Halmaheran Nominal Categories tgk Tigak 6 No gender distinctions -2.71666666667 150.8 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories tja Tiipay (Jamul) 6 No gender distinctions 32.1666666667 -116.5 Yuman Hokan Nominal Categories tin Tinrin 6 No gender distinctions -21.6666666667 165.75 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories tir Tiriyo 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 3.25 -55.75 Cariban Cariban Nominal Categories tiw Tiwi 3 3rd person singular only -11.5 131.0 Tiwian Tiwian Nominal Categories tli Tlingit 6 No gender distinctions 59.0 -135.0 Tlingit Na-Dene Nominal Categories tol Tol 6 No gender distinctions 14.6666666667 -87.0 Tol Tol Nominal Categories tla Tolai 6 No gender distinctions -4.25 152.083333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories tms Tommo So 6 No gender distinctions 15.0 -3.0 Dogon Dogon Nominal Categories ton Tonkawa 6 No gender distinctions 30.25 -96.75 Tonkawa Tonkawa Nominal Categories tot Totonac (Misantla) 6 No gender distinctions 19.9166666667 -96.9166666667 Totonacan Totonacan Nominal Categories tri Trique (Copala) 6 No gender distinctions 17.1666666667 -97.9166666667 Trique Oto-Manguean Nominal Categories tru Trumai 3 3rd person singular only -11.9166666667 -53.5833333333 Trumai Trumai Nominal Categories tsi Tsimshian (Coast) 6 No gender distinctions 52.5 -129.0 Tsimshianic Tsimshianic Nominal Categories tso Tsou 6 No gender distinctions 23.5 120.75 Tsou Austronesian Nominal Categories tuk Tukang Besi 6 No gender distinctions -5.5 123.5 Celebic Austronesian Nominal Categories tun Tunica 1 In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person 32.6666666667 -91.0 Tunica Tunica Nominal Categories tna Turkana 6 No gender distinctions 3.0 35.5 Eastern Nilotic Eastern Sudanic Nominal Categories tur Turkish 6 No gender distinctions 39.0 35.0 Turkic Altaic Nominal Categories tzu Tzutujil 6 No gender distinctions 14.6666666667 -91.3333333333 Mayan Mayan Nominal Categories udh Udihe 6 No gender distinctions 47.6666666667 136.25 Tungusic Altaic Nominal Categories uma Uma 6 No gender distinctions -1.83333333333 120.0 Celebic Austronesian Nominal Categories una Una 6 No gender distinctions -4.66666666667 140.0 Mek Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories ung Ungarinjin 3 3rd person singular only -16.3333333333 126.0 Worrorran Worrorran Nominal Categories ura Ura 6 No gender distinctions -18.6666666667 169.083333333 Oceanic Austronesian Nominal Categories uhi Uradhi 6 No gender distinctions -11.9166666667 142.416666667 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories urk Urubú-Kaapor 6 No gender distinctions -2.33333333333 -46.5 Maweti-Guarani Tupian Nominal Categories usa Usan 6 No gender distinctions -4.83333333333 145.166666667 North Adelbert Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories vie Vietnamese 6 No gender distinctions 10.5 106.5 Vietic Austro-Asiatic Nominal Categories wam Wambaya 6 No gender distinctions -18.6666666667 135.75 Wambayan Mirndi Nominal Categories wbn Wambon 6 No gender distinctions -5.5 140.416666667 Dumut Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories wao Waorani 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -1.0 -76.5 Waorani Waorani Nominal Categories wap Wappo 6 No gender distinctions 38.5 -122.5 Wappo Wappo-Yukian Nominal Categories wra Warao 6 No gender distinctions 9.33333333333 -61.6666666667 Warao Warao Nominal Categories wrd Wardaman 6 No gender distinctions -15.5 131.0 Yangmanic Yangmanic Nominal Categories wrk Warekena 3 3rd person singular only 1.5 -67.5 Alto-Orinoco Arawakan Nominal Categories war Wari' 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -11.3333333333 -65.0 Chapacura-Wanham Chapacura-Wanham Nominal Categories was Washo 6 No gender distinctions 39.25 -120.0 Washo Washo Nominal Categories wsk Waskia 6 No gender distinctions -4.5 146.0 Kowan Trans-New Guinea Nominal Categories wel Welsh 3 3rd person singular only 52.0 -3.0 Celtic Indo-European Nominal Categories wma West Makian 6 No gender distinctions 0.5 127.583333333 North Halmaheran North Halmaheran Nominal Categories wic Wichita 6 No gender distinctions 33.3333333333 -97.3333333333 Northern Caddoan Caddoan Nominal Categories wch Wichí 6 No gender distinctions -22.5 -62.5833333333 Matacoan Matacoan Nominal Categories wik Wikchamni 6 No gender distinctions 36.4166666667 -119.083333333 Yokuts Penutian Nominal Categories win Wintu 6 No gender distinctions 41.0 -122.5 Wintuan Penutian Nominal Categories xok Xokleng 3 3rd person singular only -24.5 -50.0 Je Meridional Macro-Ge Nominal Categories yag Yagua 6 No gender distinctions -3.5 -72.0 Peba-Yaguan Peba-Yaguan Nominal Categories yap Yapese 6 No gender distinctions 9.58333333333 138.166666667 Yapese Austronesian Nominal Categories yaq Yaqui 6 No gender distinctions 27.5 -110.25 Cahita Uto-Aztecan Nominal Categories yaw Yawa 3 3rd person singular only -1.75 136.25 Yawa Yawa Nominal Categories yel Yelî Dnye 6 No gender distinctions -11.3666666667 154.166666667 Yele Yele Nominal Categories yes Yessan-Mayo 3 3rd person singular only -4.16666666667 142.583333333 Tama Sepik Sepik Nominal Categories yid Yidiny 6 No gender distinctions -17.0 145.75 Northern Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Nominal Categories yim Yimas 6 No gender distinctions -4.66666666667 143.55 Lower Sepik Ramu-Lower Sepik Nominal Categories yor Yoruba 6 No gender distinctions 8.0 4.33333333333 Defoid Niger-Congo Nominal Categories yuc Yuchi 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular 35.75 -86.75 Yuchi Yuchi Nominal Categories yko Yukaghir (Kolyma) 6 No gender distinctions 65.75 150.833333333 Yukaghir Yukaghir Nominal Categories yuk Yukulta 6 No gender distinctions -17.3333333333 138.833333333 Tangkic Tangkic Nominal Categories ypk Yup'ik (Central) 6 No gender distinctions 59.5 -160.0 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Nominal Categories yur Yurok 6 No gender distinctions 41.3333333333 -124.0 Yurok Algic Nominal Categories zan Zande 3 3rd person singular only 4.0 26.0 Ubangi Niger-Congo Nominal Categories zsq Zapotec (San Lucas Quiaviní) 6 No gender distinctions 16.9 -96.4666666667 Zapotecan Oto-Manguean Nominal Categories zqc Zoque (Copainalá) 6 No gender distinctions 17.0 -93.25 Mixe-Zoque Mixe-Zoque Nominal Categories zul Zulu 2 3rd person only, but also non-singular -30.0 30.0 Bantu Niger-Congo Nominal Categories zun Zuni 6 No gender distinctions 35.0833333333 -108.833333333 Zuni Zuni Nominal Categories