Veselinova, Ljuba N.. 2011. Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect. In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.) The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, feature 79A. Available online at http://wals.info/feature/79A Accessed on 2012-02-08. wals code name value description latitude longitude genus family area abk Abkhaz 1 Tense 43.083 41.000 Northwest Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Verbal Categories ala Alamblak 1 Tense -4.667 143.333 Sepik Hill Sepik Verbal Categories awp Awa Pit 1 Tense 1.500 -78.250 Barbacoan Barbacoan Verbal Categories bsq Basque 1 Tense 43.000 -3.000 Basque Basque Verbal Categories brh Brahui 1 Tense 28.500 67.000 Northern Dravidian Dravidian Verbal Categories bul Bulgarian 1 Tense 42.500 25.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories car Carib 1 Tense 5.500 -56.000 Cariban Cariban Verbal Categories cha Chamorro 1 Tense 13.450 144.750 Chamorro Austronesian Verbal Categories dut Dutch 1 Tense 52.500 6.000 Germanic Indo-European Verbal Categories eng English 1 Tense 52.000 0.000 Germanic Indo-European Verbal Categories ewe Ewe 1 Tense 6.333 0.417 Kwa Niger-Congo Verbal Categories fur Fur 1 Tense 13.500 25.000 Fur Nilo-Saharan Verbal Categories ger German 1 Tense 52.000 10.000 Germanic Indo-European Verbal Categories heb Hebrew (Modern) 1 Tense 31.500 34.833 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories hix Hixkaryana 1 Tense -1.000 -59.000 Cariban Cariban Verbal Categories hun Hungarian 1 Tense 47.000 20.000 Ugric Uralic Verbal Categories hzb Hunzib 1 Tense 42.167 46.250 Avar-Andic-Tsezic Nakh-Daghestanian Verbal Categories knd Kannada 1 Tense 14.000 76.000 Southern Dravidian Dravidian Verbal Categories knr Kanuri 1 Tense 12.000 13.000 Western Saharan Nilo-Saharan Verbal Categories kew Kewa 1 Tense -6.500 143.833 Engan Trans-New Guinea Verbal Categories kho Khoekhoe 1 Tense -25.500 18.000 Central Khoisan Khoisan Verbal Categories kuo Kuot 1 Tense -3.050 151.500 Kuot Kuot Verbal Categories lat Latvian 1 Tense 57.000 24.000 Baltic Indo-European Verbal Categories mac Macushi 1 Tense 4.000 -60.000 Cariban Cariban Verbal Categories mcd Macedonian 1 Tense 41.667 21.750 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories mau Maung 1 Tense -11.917 133.500 Iwaidjan Australian Verbal Categories mun Mundari 1 Tense 23.000 84.667 Munda Austro-Asiatic Verbal Categories orh Oromo (Harar) 1 Tense 9.000 42.000 Eastern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories pip Pipil 1 Tense 13.833 -89.583 Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Verbal Categories sue Suena 1 Tense -7.750 147.550 Binanderean Trans-New Guinea Verbal Categories swe Swedish 1 Tense 60.000 15.000 Germanic Indo-European Verbal Categories tuk Tukang Besi 1 Tense -5.500 123.500 Sulawesi Austronesian Verbal Categories tna Turkana 1 Tense 3.000 35.500 Nilotic Nilo-Saharan Verbal Categories tur Turkish 1 Tense 39.000 35.000 Turkic Altaic Verbal Categories usa Usan 1 Tense -4.833 145.167 Madang Trans-New Guinea Verbal Categories yim Yimas 1 Tense -4.667 143.550 Lower Sepik Lower Sepik-Ramu Verbal Categories cle Chinantec (Lealao) 2 Aspect 17.333 -95.917 Chinantecan Oto-Manguean Verbal Categories ika Ika 2 Aspect 10.667 -73.750 Aruak Chibchan Verbal Categories mra Mara 2 Aspect -15.000 135.167 Maran Australian Verbal Categories mxc Mixtec (Chalcatongo) 2 Aspect 17.050 -97.583 Mixtecan Oto-Manguean Verbal Categories nug Nunggubuyu 2 Aspect -13.750 135.667 Nunggubuyu Australian Verbal Categories ond Oneida 2 Aspect 43.000 -75.667 Northern Iroquoian Iroquoian Verbal Categories oix Otomí (Ixtenco) 2 Aspect 19.083 -97.917 Otomian Oto-Manguean Verbal Categories sla Slave 2 Aspect 67.000 -125.000 Athapaskan Na-Dene Verbal Categories wic Wichita 2 Aspect 33.333 -97.333 Caddoan Caddoan Verbal Categories tpn Tepehuan (Northern) 2 Aspect 26.333 -107.000 Tepiman Uto-Aztecan Verbal Categories arm Armenian (Eastern) 3 Tense and aspect 40.000 45.000 Armenian Indo-European Verbal Categories ben Bengali 3 Tense and aspect 24.000 90.000 Indic Indo-European Verbal Categories bur Burushaski 3 Tense and aspect 36.500 74.500 Burushaski Burushaski Verbal Categories blr Belorussian 3 Tense and aspect 54.000 28.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories cze Czech 3 Tense and aspect 50.000 15.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories fre French 3 Tense and aspect 48.000 2.000 Romance Indo-European Verbal Categories geo Georgian 3 Tense and aspect 42.000 44.000 Kartvelian Kartvelian Verbal Categories grk Greek (Modern) 3 Tense and aspect 39.000 22.000 Greek Indo-European Verbal Categories hin Hindi 3 Tense and aspect 25.000 77.000 Indic Indo-European Verbal Categories ing Ingush 3 Tense and aspect 43.167 45.083 Nakh Nakh-Daghestanian Verbal Categories iri Irish 3 Tense and aspect 53.000 -8.000 Celtic Indo-European Verbal Categories lez Lezgian 3 Tense and aspect 41.667 47.833 Lezgic Nakh-Daghestanian Verbal Categories nht Nahuatl (Tetelcingo) 3 Tense and aspect 19.667 -99.000 Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Verbal Categories psh Pashto 3 Tense and aspect 33.000 67.000 Iranian Indo-European Verbal Categories prs Persian 3 Tense and aspect 32.000 54.000 Iranian Indo-European Verbal Categories pol Polish 3 Tense and aspect 52.000 20.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories rus Russian 3 Tense and aspect 56.000 38.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories scr Serbian-Croatian 3 Tense and aspect 44.000 19.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories svk Slovak 3 Tense and aspect 49.000 20.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories slo Slovene 3 Tense and aspect 46.000 15.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories sou Sorbian (Upper) 3 Tense and aspect 51.833 14.500 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories spa Spanish 3 Tense and aspect 40.000 -4.000 Romance Indo-European Verbal Categories sup Supyire 3 Tense and aspect 11.500 -5.583 Gur Niger-Congo Verbal Categories ukr Ukrainian 3 Tense and aspect 49.000 33.000 Slavic Indo-European Verbal Categories xun !Xun (Ekoka) 4 None -19.667 18.000 Northern Khoisan Khoisan Verbal Categories aco Acoma 4 None 34.917 -107.583 Keresan Keresan Verbal Categories ain Ainu 4 None 43.000 143.000 Ainu Ainu Verbal Categories agw Alagwa 4 None -5.500 35.750 Southern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories ame Amele 4 None -5.250 145.583 Madang Trans-New Guinea Verbal Categories apu Apurinã 4 None -9.000 -67.000 Arawakan Arawakan Verbal Categories abn Arabana 4 None -28.250 136.250 Pama-Nyungan Australian Verbal Categories atu Arabic (Tunisian) 4 None 36.750 10.250 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories aeg Arabic (Egyptian) 4 None 30.000 31.000 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories amr Arabic (Moroccan) 4 None 34.000 -6.000 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories ana Araona 4 None -12.333 -67.750 Tacanan Tacanan Verbal Categories asm Asmat 4 None -5.500 138.500 Asmat-Kamoro Trans-New Guinea Verbal Categories aym Aymara 4 None -17.000 -69.000 Aymaran Aymaran Verbal Categories bag Bagirmi 4 None 11.667 16.000 Bongo-Bagirmi Nilo-Saharan Verbal Categories brs Barasano 4 None -0.167 -70.667 Tucanoan Tucanoan Verbal Categories arp Arapesh (Mountain) 4 None -3.467 143.167 Kombio-Arapesh Torricelli Verbal Categories brm Burmese 4 None 21.000 96.000 Burmese-Lolo Sino-Tibetan Verbal Categories cah Cahuilla 4 None 33.500 -116.250 Takic Uto-Aztecan Verbal Categories ckr Canela-Krahô 4 None -6.000 -46.000 Ge-Kaingang Macro-Ge Verbal Categories cyv Cayuvava 4 None -13.500 -65.500 Cayuvava Cayuvava Verbal Categories cnt Cantonese 4 None 23.000 113.000 Chinese Sino-Tibetan Verbal Categories mnd Mandarin 4 None 34.000 110.000 Chinese Sino-Tibetan Verbal Categories chk Chukchi 4 None 67.000 -173.000 Northern Chukotko-Kamchatkan Chukotko-Kamchatkan Verbal Categories cmn Comanche 4 None 33.500 -101.500 Numic Uto-Aztecan Verbal Categories cre Cree (Plains) 4 None 54.000 -110.000 Algonquian Algic Verbal Categories dag Daga 4 None -10.000 149.333 Dagan Dagan Verbal Categories dni Dani (Lower Grand Valley) 4 None -4.333 138.833 Dani Trans-New Guinea Verbal Categories dio Diola-Fogny 4 None 13.000 -16.250 Northern Atlantic Niger-Congo Verbal Categories eve Evenki 4 None 56.000 125.000 Tungusic Altaic Verbal Categories fij Fijian 4 None -17.833 178.000 Oceanic Austronesian Verbal Categories fin Finnish 4 None 62.000 25.000 Finnic Uralic Verbal Categories gar Garo 4 None 25.667 90.500 Bodo-Garo Sino-Tibetan Verbal Categories goo Gooniyandi 4 None -18.333 126.333 Bunuban Australian Verbal Categories grb Grebo 4 None 5.000 -8.000 Kru Niger-Congo Verbal Categories grw Greenlandic (West) 4 None 64.000 -51.000 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Verbal Categories gua Guaraní 4 None -26.000 -56.000 Tupi-Guaraní Tupian Verbal Categories hau Hausa 4 None 12.000 7.000 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories hop Hopi 4 None 36.000 -110.000 Hopi Uto-Aztecan Verbal Categories hup Hupa 4 None 41.083 -123.667 Athapaskan Na-Dene Verbal Categories igb Igbo 4 None 6.000 7.333 Igboid Niger-Congo Verbal Categories imo Imonda 4 None -3.333 141.167 Border Border Verbal Categories ind Indonesian 4 None 0.000 106.000 Malayic Austronesian Verbal Categories irq Iraqw 4 None -4.000 35.500 Southern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories jak Jakaltek 4 None 15.667 -91.667 Mayan Mayan Verbal Categories jpn Japanese 4 None 37.000 140.000 Japanese Japanese Verbal Categories qaw Qawasqar 4 None -49.000 -75.000 Alacalufan Alacalufan Verbal Categories kay Kayardild 4 None -17.050 139.500 Tangkic Australian Verbal Categories ket Ket 4 None 64.000 87.000 Yeniseian Yeniseian Verbal Categories kha Khalkha 4 None 47.000 105.000 Mongolic Altaic Verbal Categories khs Khasi 4 None 25.500 92.000 Khasian Austro-Asiatic Verbal Categories khm Khmer 4 None 12.500 105.000 Khmer Austro-Asiatic Verbal Categories klv Kilivila 4 None -8.500 151.083 Oceanic Austronesian Verbal Categories kio Kiowa 4 None 37.000 -99.000 Kiowa-Tanoan Kiowa-Tanoan Verbal Categories koa Koasati 4 None 34.833 -85.167 Muskogean Muskogean Verbal Categories kor Korean 4 None 37.500 128.000 Korean Korean Verbal Categories kro Krongo 4 None 10.500 30.000 Kadugli Kadugli Verbal Categories knm Kunama 4 None 14.500 37.000 Kunama Nilo-Saharan Verbal Categories kut Kutenai 4 None 49.500 -116.000 Kutenai Kutenai Verbal Categories lad Ladakhi 4 None 34.000 78.000 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Verbal Categories lkt Lakhota 4 None 43.833 -101.833 Siouan Siouan Verbal Categories lan Lango 4 None 2.167 33.000 Nilotic Nilo-Saharan Verbal Categories lav Lavukaleve 4 None -9.083 159.200 Lavukaleve Solomons East Papuan Verbal Categories luv Luvale 4 None -12.000 22.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Verbal Categories mak Makah 4 None 48.333 -124.667 Southern Wakashan Wakashan Verbal Categories mal Malagasy 4 None -20.000 47.000 Barito Austronesian Verbal Categories mlt Maltese 4 None 35.917 14.417 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories myi Mangarrayi 4 None -14.667 133.500 Mangarrayi Australian Verbal Categories maw Maninka (Western) 4 None 13.000 -11.000 Western Mande Niger-Congo Verbal Categories mao Maori 4 None -40.000 176.000 Oceanic Austronesian Verbal Categories map Mapudungun 4 None -38.000 -72.000 Araucanian Araucanian Verbal Categories mku Maranungku 4 None -13.667 130.000 Western Daly Australian Verbal Categories mar Maricopa 4 None 33.167 -113.167 Yuman Hokan Verbal Categories mrt Martuthunira 4 None -20.833 116.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Verbal Categories wch Wichí 4 None -22.500 -62.583 Matacoan Matacoan Verbal Categories may Maybrat 4 None -1.333 132.500 North-Central Bird's Head West Papuan Verbal Categories mei Meithei 4 None 24.750 94.000 Kuki-Chin Sino-Tibetan Verbal Categories mss Miwok (Southern Sierra) 4 None 37.500 -120.000 Miwok Penutian Verbal Categories mok Mokilese 4 None 6.667 159.750 Oceanic Austronesian Verbal Categories mup Mupun 4 None 9.500 8.833 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories mrl Murle 4 None 6.500 33.500 Surmic Nilo-Saharan Verbal Categories nav Navajo 4 None 36.167 -108.000 Athapaskan Na-Dene Verbal Categories ndy Ndyuka 4 None 4.500 -54.500 Creoles and Pidgins other Verbal Categories nen Nenets 4 None 69.000 72.000 Samoyedic Uralic Verbal Categories ngi Ngiyambaa 4 None -31.750 145.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Verbal Categories niv Nivkh 4 None 53.333 142.000 Nivkh Nivkh Verbal Categories orb Oromo (Boraana) 4 None 4.500 38.500 Eastern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories psm Passamaquoddy-Maliseet 4 None 45.000 -67.000 Algonquian Algic Verbal Categories prh Pirahã 4 None -7.000 -62.000 Mura Mura Verbal Categories pme Pomo (Eastern) 4 None 39.000 -122.667 Pomoan Hokan Verbal Categories qim Quechua (Imbabura) 4 None 0.333 -78.000 Quechuan Quechuan Verbal Categories ram Rama 4 None 11.750 -83.750 Rama Chibchan Verbal Categories rap Rapanui 4 None -27.117 -109.367 Oceanic Austronesian Verbal Categories sam Samoan 4 None -13.917 -171.833 Oceanic Austronesian Verbal Categories san Sango 4 None 5.000 18.000 Ubangi Niger-Congo Verbal Categories snm Sanuma 4 None 4.500 -64.667 Yanomam Yanomam Verbal Categories sel Selknam 4 None -53.000 -70.000 Chon Proper Chon Verbal Categories sml Semelai 4 None 3.000 103.000 Aslian Austro-Asiatic Verbal Categories snc Seneca 4 None 42.500 -77.500 Northern Iroquoian Iroquoian Verbal Categories snt Sentani 4 None -2.583 140.583 Sentani Sentani Verbal Categories shk Shipibo-Konibo 4 None -7.500 -75.000 Panoan Panoan Verbal Categories kse Koyraboro Senni 4 None 16.000 0.000 Songhay Nilo-Saharan Verbal Categories ses Sesotho 4 None -28.000 27.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Verbal Categories squ Squamish 4 None 49.667 -123.167 Central Salish Salishan Verbal Categories swa Swahili 4 None -6.500 39.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Verbal Categories tab Taba 4 None 0.000 127.500 South Halmahera - West New Guinea Austronesian Verbal Categories tag Tagalog 4 None 15.000 121.000 Meso-Philippine Austronesian Verbal Categories bma Berber (Middle Atlas) 4 None 33.000 -5.000 Berber Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories tha Thai 4 None 16.000 101.000 Kam-Tai Tai-Kadai Verbal Categories tiw Tiwi 4 None -11.500 131.000 Tiwian Australian Verbal Categories tru Trumai 4 None -11.917 -53.583 Trumai Trumai Verbal Categories ute Ute 4 None 39.000 -109.000 Numic Uto-Aztecan Verbal Categories vie Vietnamese 4 None 10.500 106.500 Viet-Muong Austro-Asiatic Verbal Categories wra Warao 4 None 9.333 -61.667 Warao Warao Verbal Categories war Wari' 4 None -11.333 -65.000 Chapacura-Wanham Chapacura-Wanham Verbal Categories wly Wolaytta 4 None 6.833 37.750 North Omotic Afro-Asiatic Verbal Categories yag Yagua 4 None -3.500 -72.000 Peba-Yaguan Peba-Yaguan Verbal Categories yaq Yaqui 4 None 27.500 -110.250 Cahita Uto-Aztecan Verbal Categories yor Yoruba 4 None 8.000 4.333 Defoid Niger-Congo Verbal Categories yko Yukaghir (Kolyma) 4 None 65.750 150.833 Yukaghir Yukaghir Verbal Categories ypk Yup'ik (Central) 4 None 59.500 -160.000 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Verbal Categories zul Zulu 4 None -30.000 30.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Verbal Categories zun Zuni 4 None 35.083 -108.833 Zuni Zuni Verbal Categories grf Garífuna 4 None 15.667 -88.000 Arawakan Arawakan Verbal Categories