Song, Jae Jung. 2008. Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions. In: Haspelmath, Martin & Dryer, Matthew S. & Gil, David & Comrie, Bernard (eds.) The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, chapter 111. Available online at http://wals.info/feature/111 Accessed on 2009-01-06. wals code name value description latitude longitude genus family area bag Bagirmi 1 Neither 11.667 16.000 Bongo-Bagirmi Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses djr Djaru 1 Neither -18.750 128.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses ewe Ewe 1 Neither 6.333 0.417 Kwa Niger-Congo Simple Clauses goo Gooniyandi 1 Neither -18.333 126.333 Bunuban Australian Simple Clauses grk Greek (Modern) 1 Neither 39.000 22.000 Greek Indo-European Simple Clauses hmo Hmong Njua 1 Neither 28.000 105.000 Hmong-Mien Hmong-Mien Simple Clauses iri Irish 1 Neither 53.000 -8.000 Celtic Indo-European Simple Clauses klv Kilivila 1 Neither -8.500 151.083 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses kro Krongo 1 Neither 10.500 30.000 Kadugli Kadugli Simple Clauses may Maybrat 1 Neither -1.333 132.500 North-Central Bird's Head West Papuan Simple Clauses mul Mulao 1 Neither 25.000 108.000 Kam-Tai Tai-Kadai Simple Clauses nav Navajo 1 Neither 36.167 -108.000 Athapaskan Na-Dene Simple Clauses ndy Ndyuka 1 Neither 5.000 -54.500 Creoles and Pidgins other Simple Clauses otm Otomí (Mezquital) 1 Neither 20.167 -99.167 Otomian Oto-Manguean Simple Clauses pms Paamese 1 Neither -16.500 168.250 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses rej Rejang 1 Neither -3.417 102.500 Sundic Austronesian Simple Clauses src Sarcee 1 Neither 52.500 -116.000 Athapaskan Na-Dene Simple Clauses tha Thai 1 Neither 16.000 101.000 Kam-Tai Tai-Kadai Simple Clauses tib Tibetan (Standard Spoken) 1 Neither 30.000 91.000 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses ung Ungarinjin 1 Neither -16.333 126.000 Wororan Australian Simple Clauses vai Vai 1 Neither 6.917 -11.250 Western Mande Niger-Congo Simple Clauses yay Yay 1 Neither 22.417 104.750 Kam-Tai Tai-Kadai Simple Clauses yor Yoruba 1 Neither 8.000 4.333 Defoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses abi Abipón 2 Morphological but no compound -29.000 -61.000 Guaicuruan Guaicuruan Simple Clauses abk Abkhaz 2 Morphological but no compound 43.083 41.000 Northwest Caucasian Northwest Caucasian Simple Clauses ace Acehnese 2 Morphological but no compound 5.500 95.500 Sundic Austronesian Simple Clauses ain Ainu 2 Morphological but no compound 43.000 143.000 Ainu Ainu Simple Clauses aly Alyawarra 2 Morphological but no compound -22.500 135.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses ame Amele 2 Morphological but no compound -5.250 145.583 Madang Trans-New Guinea Simple Clauses amh Amharic 2 Morphological but no compound 10.000 38.000 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses apu Apurinã 2 Morphological but no compound -9.000 -67.000 Arawakan Arawakan Simple Clauses aeg Arabic (Egyptian) 2 Morphological but no compound 30.000 31.000 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses ana Araona 2 Morphological but no compound -12.333 -67.750 Tacanan Tacanan Simple Clauses arm Armenian (Eastern) 2 Morphological but no compound 40.000 45.000 Armenian Indo-European Simple Clauses aro Arosi 2 Morphological but no compound -10.250 161.333 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses asm Asmat 2 Morphological but no compound -5.500 138.500 Asmat-Kamoro Trans-New Guinea Simple Clauses atc Atchin 2 Morphological but no compound -16.000 167.333 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses awp Awa Pit 2 Morphological but no compound 1.500 -78.250 Barbacoan Barbacoan Simple Clauses awn Awngi 2 Morphological but no compound 10.833 36.667 Central Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses aym Aymara 2 Morphological but no compound -17.000 -69.000 Aymaran Aymaran Simple Clauses pkn Paakantyi 2 Morphological but no compound -32.500 142.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses bab Babungo 2 Morphological but no compound 6.117 10.417 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses bal Balinese 2 Morphological but no compound -8.333 115.250 Sundic Austronesian Simple Clauses bam Bambara 2 Morphological but no compound 12.500 -7.500 Western Mande Niger-Congo Simple Clauses brs Barasano 2 Morphological but no compound -0.167 -70.667 Tucanoan Tucanoan Simple Clauses bsq Basque 2 Morphological but no compound 43.000 -3.000 Basque Basque Simple Clauses bkr Batak (Karo) 2 Morphological but no compound 3.250 98.250 Sundic Austronesian Simple Clauses bej Beja 2 Morphological but no compound 18.000 36.000 Beja Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses bla Blackfoot 2 Morphological but no compound 50.000 -112.667 Algonquian Algic Simple Clauses brr Bororo 2 Morphological but no compound -16.000 -57.000 Bororo Macro-Ge Simple Clauses brh Brahui 2 Morphological but no compound 28.500 67.000 Northern Dravidian Dravidian Simple Clauses but Buriat 2 Morphological but no compound 52.000 108.000 Mongolic Altaic Simple Clauses bur Burushaski 2 Morphological but no compound 36.500 74.500 Burushaski Burushaski Simple Clauses cah Cahuilla 2 Morphological but no compound 33.500 -116.250 Takic Uto-Aztecan Simple Clauses khm Khmer 2 Morphological but no compound 12.500 105.000 Khmer Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses cax Campa (Axininca) 2 Morphological but no compound -12.000 -74.000 Arawakan Arawakan Simple Clauses car Carib 2 Morphological but no compound 5.500 -56.000 Cariban Cariban Simple Clauses ceb Cebuano 2 Morphological but no compound 10.000 124.000 Meso-Philippine Austronesian Simple Clauses cld Chaldean (Modern) 2 Morphological but no compound 36.000 43.000 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses cha Chamorro 2 Morphological but no compound 13.450 144.750 Chamorro Austronesian Simple Clauses cle Chinantec (Lealao) 2 Morphological but no compound 17.333 -95.917 Chinantecan Oto-Manguean Simple Clauses cct Choctaw 2 Morphological but no compound 32.250 -88.500 Muskogean Muskogean Simple Clauses chk Chukchi 2 Morphological but no compound 67.000 -173.000 Northern Chukotko-Kamchatkan Chukotko-Kamchatkan Simple Clauses chv Chuvash 2 Morphological but no compound 55.500 47.500 Turkic Altaic Simple Clauses coa Coahuilteco 2 Morphological but no compound 28.000 -100.000 Coahuiltecan Coahuiltecan Simple Clauses cmn Comanche 2 Morphological but no compound 33.500 -101.500 Numic Uto-Aztecan Simple Clauses coo Coos (Hanis) 2 Morphological but no compound 43.500 -124.167 Coosan Oregon Coast Simple Clauses cor Cora 2 Morphological but no compound 22.167 -104.833 Corachol Uto-Aztecan Simple Clauses cre Cree (Plains) 2 Morphological but no compound 54.000 -110.000 Algonquian Algic Simple Clauses cui Cuiba 2 Morphological but no compound 6.500 -70.000 Guahiban Guahiban Simple Clauses dgr Dagur 2 Morphological but no compound 48.000 124.000 Mongolic Altaic Simple Clauses die Diegueño (Mesa Grande) 2 Morphological but no compound 32.667 -116.167 Yuman Hokan Simple Clauses dio Diola-Fogny 2 Morphological but no compound 13.000 -16.000 Northern Atlantic Niger-Congo Simple Clauses diy Diyari 2 Morphological but no compound -28.000 139.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses doy Doyayo 2 Morphological but no compound 8.667 13.083 Adamawa Niger-Congo Simple Clauses dre Drehu 2 Morphological but no compound -21.000 167.250 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses eng English 2 Morphological but no compound 52.000 0.000 Germanic Indo-European Simple Clauses epe Epena Pedee 2 Morphological but no compound 3.000 -77.000 Choco Choco Simple Clauses eve Evenki 2 Morphological but no compound 56.000 125.000 Tungusic Altaic Simple Clauses fij Fijian 2 Morphological but no compound -17.833 178.000 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses fin Finnish 2 Morphological but no compound 62.000 25.000 Finnic Uralic Simple Clauses fut Futuna-Aniwa 2 Morphological but no compound -19.533 170.217 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses gar Garo 2 Morphological but no compound 25.667 90.500 Baric Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses geo Georgian 2 Morphological but no compound 42.000 44.000 Kartvelian Kartvelian Simple Clauses ger German 2 Morphological but no compound 52.000 10.000 Germanic Indo-European Simple Clauses grb Grebo 2 Morphological but no compound 5.000 -8.000 Kru Niger-Congo Simple Clauses grw Greenlandic (West) 2 Morphological but no compound 64.000 -51.000 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Simple Clauses gua Guaraní 2 Morphological but no compound -26.000 -56.000 Tupi-Guaraní Tupian Simple Clauses guj Gujarati 2 Morphological but no compound 23.000 72.000 Indic Indo-European Simple Clauses guu Guugu Yimidhirr 2 Morphological but no compound -15.000 144.833 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses hai Haida 2 Morphological but no compound 53.000 -132.000 Haida Haida Simple Clauses hau Hausa 2 Morphological but no compound 12.000 7.000 West Chadic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses haw Hawaiian 2 Morphological but no compound 19.583 -155.500 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses heb Hebrew (Modern) 2 Morphological but no compound 31.500 34.833 Semitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses hin Hindi 2 Morphological but no compound 25.000 77.000 Indic Indo-European Simple Clauses hix Hixkaryana 2 Morphological but no compound -1.000 -59.000 Cariban Cariban Simple Clauses aji Ajië 2 Morphological but no compound -21.333 165.500 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses hun Hungarian 2 Morphological but no compound 47.000 20.000 Ugric Uralic Simple Clauses hzb Hunzib 2 Morphological but no compound 42.167 46.250 Avar-Andic-Tsezic Nakh-Daghestanian Simple Clauses iaa Iaai 2 Morphological but no compound -20.417 166.583 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses igb Igbo 2 Morphological but no compound 6.000 7.333 Igboid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses ika Ika 2 Morphological but no compound 10.667 -73.750 Aruak Chibchan Simple Clauses ila Ila 2 Morphological but no compound -15.583 26.500 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses ind Indonesian 2 Morphological but no compound 0.000 106.000 Sundic Austronesian Simple Clauses ing Ingush 2 Morphological but no compound 43.167 45.083 Nakh Nakh-Daghestanian Simple Clauses irq Iraqw 2 Morphological but no compound -4.000 35.500 Southern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses jak Jakaltek 2 Morphological but no compound 15.667 -91.667 Mayan Mayan Simple Clauses jpn Japanese 2 Morphological but no compound 37.000 140.000 Japanese Japanese Simple Clauses jaq Jaqaru 2 Morphological but no compound -13.000 -76.000 Aymaran Aymaran Simple Clauses kdz Kadazan 2 Morphological but no compound 5.917 117.167 Borneo Austronesian Simple Clauses kls Kalispel 2 Morphological but no compound 48.000 -117.000 Interior Salish Salishan Simple Clauses kgu Kalkatungu 2 Morphological but no compound -21.000 139.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses kmk Kalmyk 2 Morphological but no compound 44.000 83.000 Mongolic Altaic Simple Clauses kam Kambera 2 Morphological but no compound -9.833 120.167 Central Malayo-Polynesian Austronesian Simple Clauses knd Kannada 2 Morphological but no compound 14.000 76.000 Southern Dravidian Dravidian Simple Clauses knr Kanuri 2 Morphological but no compound 12.000 13.000 Western Saharan Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses krk Karok 2 Morphological but no compound 41.667 -123.000 Karok Karok Simple Clauses kas Kashmiri 2 Morphological but no compound 34.000 76.000 Indic Indo-European Simple Clauses kay Kayardild 2 Morphological but no compound -17.050 139.500 Tangkic Australian Simple Clauses kem Kemant 2 Morphological but no compound 12.667 37.417 Central Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses ket Ket 2 Morphological but no compound 64.000 87.000 Yeniseian Yeniseian Simple Clauses kew Kewa 2 Morphological but no compound -6.500 143.833 Engan Trans-New Guinea Simple Clauses kha Khalkha 2 Morphological but no compound 47.000 105.000 Mongolic Altaic Simple Clauses khs Khasi 2 Morphological but no compound 25.500 92.000 Khasian Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses nym Nyamwezi 2 Morphological but no compound -5.000 33.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses kin Kinyarwanda 2 Morphological but no compound -2.000 30.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses kio Kiowa 2 Morphological but no compound 37.000 -99.000 Kiowa-Tanoan Kiowa-Tanoan Simple Clauses krb Kiribati 2 Morphological but no compound 1.333 173.000 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses kis Kisi 2 Morphological but no compound 8.833 -10.167 Southern Atlantic Niger-Congo Simple Clauses kol Kolami 2 Morphological but no compound 20.000 78.500 Central Dravidian Dravidian Simple Clauses kon Kongo 2 Morphological but no compound -5.000 15.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses krn Korana 2 Morphological but no compound -29.500 20.500 Central Khoisan Khoisan Simple Clauses kor Korean 2 Morphological but no compound 37.500 128.000 Korean Korean Simple Clauses kfe Koromfe 2 Morphological but no compound 14.250 -0.917 Gur Niger-Congo Simple Clauses knm Kunama 2 Morphological but no compound 14.500 37.000 Kunama Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses kos Kosraean 2 Morphological but no compound 5.300 163.000 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses kut Kutenai 2 Morphological but no compound 49.500 -116.000 Kutenai Kutenai Simple Clauses kwa Kwaio 2 Morphological but no compound -8.950 161.000 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses lad Ladakhi 2 Morphological but no compound 34.000 78.000 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses lmp Lampung 2 Morphological but no compound -5.000 105.000 Sundic Austronesian Simple Clauses lan Lango 2 Morphological but no compound 2.167 33.000 Nilotic Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses lat Latvian 2 Morphological but no compound 57.000 24.000 Baltic Indo-European Simple Clauses lav Lavukaleve 2 Morphological but no compound -9.083 159.200 Lavukaleve Lavukaleve Simple Clauses lep Lepcha 2 Morphological but no compound 27.167 88.500 Lepcha Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses let Leti 2 Morphological but no compound -8.200 127.667 Central Malayo-Polynesian Austronesian Simple Clauses lez Lezgian 2 Morphological but no compound 41.667 47.833 Lezgic Nakh-Daghestanian Simple Clauses lim Limbu 2 Morphological but no compound 27.167 87.750 Bodic Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses luv Luvale 2 Morphological but no compound -12.000 22.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses maa Maasai 2 Morphological but no compound -3.000 36.000 Nilotic Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses mab Maba 2 Morphological but no compound 13.750 20.833 Maban Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses mak Makah 2 Morphological but no compound 48.333 -124.667 Southern Wakashan Wakashan Simple Clauses wma West Makian 2 Morphological but no compound 0.500 127.583 North Halmaheran West Papuan Simple Clauses mac Macushi 2 Morphological but no compound 4.000 -60.000 Cariban Cariban Simple Clauses mal Malagasy 2 Morphological but no compound -20.000 47.000 Borneo Austronesian Simple Clauses mym Malayalam 2 Morphological but no compound 10.000 76.500 Southern Dravidian Dravidian Simple Clauses mnm Manam 2 Morphological but no compound -4.000 145.000 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses mwb Manobo (Western Bukidnon) 2 Morphological but no compound 7.667 124.750 Southern Philippines Austronesian Simple Clauses mao Maori 2 Morphological but no compound -40.000 176.000 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses map Mapudungun 2 Morphological but no compound -38.000 -72.000 Araucanian Araucanian Simple Clauses mhi Marathi 2 Morphological but no compound 19.000 76.000 Indic Indo-European Simple Clauses mny Margany 2 Morphological but no compound -27.000 144.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses mrt Martuthunira 2 Morphological but no compound -20.833 116.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses wch Wichí 2 Morphological but no compound -22.500 -62.583 Matacoan Matacoan Simple Clauses mau Maung 2 Morphological but no compound -11.917 133.500 Iwaidjan Australian Simple Clauses mei Meithei 2 Morphological but no compound 24.750 94.000 Kuki-Chin-Naga Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses men Menomini 2 Morphological but no compound 45.500 -88.333 Algonquian Algic Simple Clauses mss Miwok (Southern Sierra) 2 Morphological but no compound 37.500 -120.000 Miwok Penutian Simple Clauses mxc Mixtec (Chalcatongo) 2 Morphological but no compound 17.050 -97.583 Mixtecan Oto-Manguean Simple Clauses mna Muna 2 Morphological but no compound -5.000 122.500 Sulawesi Austronesian Simple Clauses mrl Murle 2 Morphological but no compound 6.500 33.500 Surmic Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses tim Timugon 2 Morphological but no compound 5.000 116.000 Borneo Austronesian Simple Clauses nht Nahuatl (Tetelcingo) 2 Morphological but no compound 19.667 -99.000 Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Simple Clauses ndo Ndonga 2 Morphological but no compound -18.000 17.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses nen Nenets 2 Morphological but no compound 69.000 72.000 Samoyedic Uralic Simple Clauses nez Nez Perce 2 Morphological but no compound 46.000 -116.000 Sahaptian Penutian Simple Clauses ngl Ngalakan 2 Morphological but no compound -14.250 134.000 Ngalakan Australian Simple Clauses nti Ngiti 2 Morphological but no compound 1.333 30.250 Lendu Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses ngi Ngiyambaa 2 Morphological but no compound -31.750 145.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses nca Nicobarese (Car) 2 Morphological but no compound 9.000 93.000 Nicobarese Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses neh Nehan 2 Morphological but no compound -4.500 154.200 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses niu Niuean 2 Morphological but no compound -19.050 -170.117 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses niv Nivkh 2 Morphological but no compound 53.333 142.000 Nivkh Nivkh Simple Clauses nko Nkore-Kiga 2 Morphological but no compound -0.917 29.833 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses nbd Nubian (Dongolese) 2 Morphological but no compound 18.250 30.750 Nubian Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses nug Nunggubuyu 2 Morphological but no compound -13.750 135.667 Nunggubuyu Australian Simple Clauses oji Ojibwa (Eastern) 2 Morphological but no compound 46.000 -80.000 Algonquian Algic Simple Clauses ond Oneida 2 Morphological but no compound 43.000 -75.667 Northern Iroquoian Iroquoian Simple Clauses orh Oromo (Harar) 2 Morphological but no compound 9.000 42.000 Eastern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses orw Oromo (Waata) 2 Morphological but no compound -3.333 39.833 Eastern Cushitic Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses pai Paiwan 2 Morphological but no compound 22.500 120.833 Paiwanic Austronesian Simple Clauses pal Palauan 2 Morphological but no compound 7.500 134.583 Palauan Austronesian Simple Clauses pan Panjabi 2 Morphological but no compound 31.000 74.000 Indic Indo-European Simple Clauses pny Panyjima 2 Morphological but no compound -22.833 118.417 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses psh Pashto 2 Morphological but no compound 33.000 67.000 Iranian Indo-European Simple Clauses psm Passamaquoddy-Maliseet 2 Morphological but no compound 45.000 -67.000 Algonquian Algic Simple Clauses pau Paumarí 2 Morphological but no compound -6.000 -64.000 Arauan Arauan Simple Clauses pwn Pawnee 2 Morphological but no compound 41.000 -98.667 Caddoan Caddoan Simple Clauses prs Persian 2 Morphological but no compound 32.000 54.000 Iranian Indo-European Simple Clauses pip Pipil 2 Morphological but no compound 13.833 -89.583 Aztecan Uto-Aztecan Simple Clauses prh Pirahã 2 Morphological but no compound -7.000 -62.000 Mura Mura Simple Clauses ppi Pitta Pitta 2 Morphological but no compound -22.833 140.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses pso Pomo (Southeastern) 2 Morphological but no compound 39.000 -122.500 Pomoan Hokan Simple Clauses pul Puluwat 2 Morphological but no compound 7.333 149.333 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses qim Quechua (Imbabura) 2 Morphological but no compound 0.333 -78.000 Quechuan Quechuan Simple Clauses rap Rapanui 2 Morphological but no compound -27.117 -109.367 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses ret Retuarã 2 Morphological but no compound -0.500 -70.667 Tucanoan Tucanoan Simple Clauses rot Rotuman 2 Morphological but no compound -12.500 177.067 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses ruk Rukai 2 Morphological but no compound 22.833 120.833 Tsouic Austronesian Simple Clauses rus Russian 2 Morphological but no compound 56.000 38.000 Slavic Indo-European Simple Clauses shp Sahaptin (Northern) 2 Morphological but no compound 46.500 -120.000 Sahaptian Penutian Simple Clauses baj Bajau 2 Morphological but no compound -4.333 123.000 Sama-Bajaw Austronesian Simple Clauses sam Samoan 2 Morphological but no compound -13.917 -171.833 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses snm Sanuma 2 Morphological but no compound 4.500 -64.667 Yanomam Yanomam Simple Clauses saw Sawu 2 Morphological but no compound -11.500 121.917 Central Malayo-Polynesian Austronesian Simple Clauses sel Selknam 2 Morphological but no compound -53.000 -70.000 Chon Proper Chon Simple Clauses sml Semelai 2 Morphological but no compound 3.000 103.000 Aslian Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses tas Tashlhiyt 2 Morphological but no compound 31.000 -5.000 Berber Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses shn Shona 2 Morphological but no compound -18.000 31.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses shu Shuswap 2 Morphological but no compound 52.000 -120.000 Interior Salish Salishan Simple Clauses snh Sinhala 2 Morphological but no compound 7.000 80.500 Indic Indo-European Simple Clauses srn Sirionó 2 Morphological but no compound -15.583 -64.000 Tupi-Guaraní Tupian Simple Clauses sla Slave 2 Morphological but no compound 67.000 -125.000 Athapaskan Na-Dene Simple Clauses son Sonsorol-Tobi 2 Morphological but no compound 5.333 132.250 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses sor Sora 2 Morphological but no compound 20.000 84.333 Munda Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses squ Squamish 2 Morphological but no compound 49.667 -123.167 Central Salish Salishan Simple Clauses sun Sundanese 2 Morphological but no compound -7.000 107.000 Sundic Austronesian Simple Clauses sup Supyire 2 Morphological but no compound 11.500 -5.583 Gur Niger-Congo Simple Clauses swa Swahili 2 Morphological but no compound -6.500 39.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses swt Swati 2 Morphological but no compound -26.500 31.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses tab Taba 2 Morphological but no compound 0.000 127.500 South Halmahera - West New Guinea Austronesian Simple Clauses tag Tagalog 2 Morphological but no compound 15.000 121.000 Meso-Philippine Austronesian Simple Clauses tah Tahitian 2 Morphological but no compound -17.667 -149.583 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses bma Berber (Middle Atlas) 2 Morphological but no compound 33.000 -5.000 Berber Afro-Asiatic Simple Clauses tml Tamil 2 Morphological but no compound 11.000 78.500 Southern Dravidian Dravidian Simple Clauses tel Telugu 2 Morphological but no compound 16.000 79.000 South-Central Dravidian Dravidian Simple Clauses tmr Temiar 2 Morphological but no compound 5.000 101.500 Aslian Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses tiw Tiwi 2 Morphological but no compound -11.500 131.000 Tiwian Australian Simple Clauses tli Tlingit 2 Morphological but no compound 59.000 -135.000 Tlingit Na-Dene Simple Clauses tno Tondano 2 Morphological but no compound 1.250 125.000 Sulawesi Austronesian Simple Clauses tng Tongan 2 Morphological but no compound -21.167 -175.167 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses ton Tonkawa 2 Morphological but no compound 30.250 -96.750 Tonkawa Tonkawa Simple Clauses tsi Tsimshian (Coast) 2 Morphological but no compound 52.500 -129.000 Tsimshianic Penutian Simple Clauses tsw Tswana 2 Morphological but no compound -24.000 26.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses tuk Tukang Besi 2 Morphological but no compound -5.500 123.500 Sulawesi Austronesian Simple Clauses tna Turkana 2 Morphological but no compound 3.000 35.500 Nilotic Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses tur Turkish 2 Morphological but no compound 39.000 35.000 Turkic Altaic Simple Clauses tus Tuscarora 2 Morphological but no compound 36.000 -77.500 Northern Iroquoian Iroquoian Simple Clauses tvl Tuvaluan 2 Morphological but no compound -8.500 179.167 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses tzo Tzotzil 2 Morphological but no compound 16.500 -92.667 Mayan Mayan Simple Clauses uli Ulithian 2 Morphological but no compound 9.917 139.583 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses una Una 2 Morphological but no compound -4.667 140.000 Mek Trans-New Guinea Simple Clauses uhi Uradhi 2 Morphological but no compound -11.917 142.417 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses urk Urubú-Kaapor 2 Morphological but no compound -2.333 -46.500 Tupi-Guaraní Tupian Simple Clauses usa Usan 2 Morphological but no compound -4.833 145.167 Madang Trans-New Guinea Simple Clauses ute Ute 2 Morphological but no compound 39.000 -109.000 Numic Uto-Aztecan Simple Clauses uzb Uzbek 2 Morphological but no compound 39.000 66.000 Turkic Altaic Simple Clauses mns Mansi 2 Morphological but no compound 62.000 62.000 Ugric Uralic Simple Clauses wam Wambaya 2 Morphological but no compound -18.667 135.750 West Barkly Australian Simple Clauses wra Warao 2 Morphological but no compound 9.333 -61.667 Warao Warao Simple Clauses wrl Warlpiri 2 Morphological but no compound -20.000 132.333 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses wat Watjarri 2 Morphological but no compound -26.000 117.500 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses wic Wichita 2 Morphological but no compound 33.333 -97.333 Caddoan Caddoan Simple Clauses hmi Huitoto (Minica) 2 Morphological but no compound -0.333 -74.000 Huitoto Huitotoan Simple Clauses wol Woleaian 2 Morphological but no compound 7.333 143.833 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses yag Yagua 2 Morphological but no compound -3.500 -72.000 Peba-Yaguan Peba-Yaguan Simple Clauses ynk Yankuntjatjara 2 Morphological but no compound -27.000 132.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses ykt Yakut 2 Morphological but no compound 62.000 130.000 Turkic Altaic Simple Clauses yap Yapese 2 Morphological but no compound 9.583 138.167 Yapese Austronesian Simple Clauses yaq Yaqui 2 Morphological but no compound 27.500 -110.250 Cahita Uto-Aztecan Simple Clauses yel Yelî Dnye 2 Morphological but no compound -11.367 154.167 Yele Yele Simple Clauses yid Yidiny 2 Morphological but no compound -17.000 145.750 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses yko Yukaghir (Kolyma) 2 Morphological but no compound 65.750 150.833 Yukaghir Yukaghir Simple Clauses ypk Yup'ik (Central) 2 Morphological but no compound 59.500 -160.000 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Simple Clauses yus Yupik (Siberian) 2 Morphological but no compound 65.000 -173.000 Eskimo Eskimo-Aleut Simple Clauses yuw Yuwaalaraay 2 Morphological but no compound -29.500 148.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses zul Zulu 2 Morphological but no compound -30.000 30.000 Bantoid Niger-Congo Simple Clauses zun Zuni 2 Morphological but no compound 35.083 -108.833 Zuni Zuni Simple Clauses mnd Mandarin 3 Compound but no morphological 34.000 110.000 Chinese Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses juh Ju|'hoan 3 Compound but no morphological -19.000 21.000 Northern Khoisan Khoisan Simple Clauses kyl Kayah Li (Eastern) 3 Compound but no morphological 19.000 97.500 Karen Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses kob Kobon 3 Compound but no morphological -5.167 144.333 Madang Trans-New Guinea Simple Clauses tru Trumai 3 Compound but no morphological -11.917 -53.583 Trumai Trumai Simple Clauses vie Vietnamese 3 Compound but no morphological 10.500 106.500 Viet-Muong Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses wrd Wardaman 3 Compound but no morphological -15.500 131.000 Yangmanic Australian Simple Clauses war Wari' 3 Compound but no morphological -11.333 -65.000 Chapacura-Wanhan Chapacura-Wanhan Simple Clauses yuc Yuchi 3 Compound but no morphological 35.750 -86.750 Yuchi Yuchi Simple Clauses ala Alamblak 4 Both -4.667 143.333 Sepik Hill Sepik Simple Clauses baw Bawm 4 Both 22.500 92.250 Kuki-Chin-Naga Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses blx Biloxi 4 Both 30.500 -88.667 Siouan Siouan Simple Clauses brm Burmese 4 Both 21.000 96.000 Burmese-Lolo Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses crq Carrier 4 Both 53.750 -123.500 Athapaskan Na-Dene Simple Clauses fre French 4 Both 48.000 2.000 Romance Indo-European Simple Clauses kmu Khmu' 4 Both 21.000 102.000 Palaung-Khmuic Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses kho Khoekhoe 4 Both -25.500 18.000 Central Khoisan Khoisan Simple Clauses koa Koasati 4 Both 34.833 -85.167 Muskogean Muskogean Simple Clauses lah Lahu 4 Both 20.000 98.167 Burmese-Lolo Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses lkt Lakhota 4 Both 43.833 -101.833 Siouan Siouan Simple Clauses lal Lalo 4 Both 25.000 100.250 Burmese-Lolo Sino-Tibetan Simple Clauses myi Mangarrayi 4 Both -14.667 133.500 Mangarrayi Australian Simple Clauses mar Maricopa 4 Both 33.167 -113.167 Yuman Hokan Simple Clauses mun Mundari 4 Both 23.000 84.667 Munda Austro-Asiatic Simple Clauses pit Pitjantjatjara 4 Both -26.000 130.000 Pama-Nyungan Australian Simple Clauses ram Rama 4 Both 11.750 -83.750 Rama Chibchan Simple Clauses shk Shipibo-Konibo 4 Both -7.500 -75.000 Panoan Panoan Simple Clauses kse Koyraboro Senni 4 Both 16.000 0.000 Songhay Nilo-Saharan Simple Clauses spa Spanish 4 Both 40.000 -4.000 Romance Indo-European Simple Clauses tgk Tigak 4 Both -2.717 150.800 Oceanic Austronesian Simple Clauses tsh Tümpisa Shoshone 4 Both 37.000 -117.000 Numic Uto-Aztecan Simple Clauses tun Tunica 4 Both 32.667 -91.000 Tunica Tunica Simple Clauses yim Yimas 4 Both -4.667 143.550 Lower Sepik Lower Sepik-Ramu Simple Clauses