| Phonology |
|---|
|
Consonant Inventories
|
Large |
|
|
Vowel Quality Inventories
|
Average (5-6) |
|
|
Consonant-Vowel Ratio
|
Moderately high |
|
|
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives
|
In plosives alone |
|
|
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems
|
None missing in /p t k b d g/ |
|
|
Uvular Consonants
|
None |
|
|
Glottalized Consonants
|
Ejectives and glottalized resonants |
|
|
Lateral Consonants
|
/l/ and lateral obstruent |
|
|
The Velar Nasal
|
No velar nasal |
|
|
Vowel Nasalization
|
Contrast present |
|
|
Front Rounded Vowels
|
None |
|
|
Tone
|
No tones |
|
|
Fixed Stress Locations
|
No fixed stress |
|
|
Weight-Sensitive Stress
|
Not predictable |
|
|
Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems
|
Lexical stress |
|
|
Rhythm Types
|
Undetermined |
|
|
Absence of Common Consonants
|
All present |
|
|
Presence of Uncommon Consonants
|
None |
|
| Morphology |
|---|
|
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives
|
No case |
|
|
Locus of Marking in the Clause
|
Head marking |
|
|
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases
|
Head marking |
|
|
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology
|
Head-marking |
|
|
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology
|
Equal prefixing and suffixing |
|
|
Reduplication
|
Productive full and partial reduplication |
|
|
Case Syncretism
|
No case marking |
|
|
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking
|
Not syncretic |
|
| Nominal Categories |
|---|
|
Coding of Nominal Plurality
|
Plural suffix |
|
|
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns
|
Person-number affixes |
|
|
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns
|
Inclusive/exclusive |
|
|
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection
|
Inclusive/exclusive |
|
|
Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives
|
Related by gender markers |
|
|
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns
|
3rd person only, but also non-singular |
|
|
Person Marking on Adpositions
|
Pronouns only |
|
|
Number of Cases
|
Exclusively borderline case-marking |
|
|
Asymmetrical Case-Marking
|
Symmetrical |
|
|
Position of Case Affixes
|
Case suffixes |
|
|
Numeral Classifiers
|
Absent |
|
|
Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes
|
Possessive prefixes |
|
| Nominal Syntax |
|---|
|
Obligatory Possessive Inflection
|
Absent |
|
|
Possessive Classification
|
Three to five classes |
|
| Verbal Categories |
|---|
|
Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes
|
Tense-aspect suffixes |
|
|
Situational Possibility
|
Affixes on verbs |
|
|
Epistemic Possibility
|
Affixes on verbs |
|
|
Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking
|
No overlap |
|
|
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality
|
No grammatical evidentials |
|
|
Coding of Evidentiality
|
No grammatical evidentials |
|
| Word Order |
|---|
|
Order of Subject, Object and Verb
|
SOV |
|
|
Order of Subject and Verb
|
SV |
|
|
Order of Object and Verb
|
OV |
|
|
Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase
|
Postpositions |
|
|
Order of Genitive and Noun
|
Genitive-Noun |
|
|
Order of Adjective and Noun
|
Noun-Adjective |
|
|
Order of Demonstrative and Noun
|
Demonstrative-Noun |
|
|
Order of Numeral and Noun
|
Noun-Numeral |
|
|
Position of Polar Question Particles
|
No question particle |
|
|
Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause
|
Final subordinator word |
|
|
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase
|
OV and Postpositions |
|
|
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun
|
OV and NAdj |
|
| Simple Clauses |
|---|
|
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking
|
Active |
|
|
Expression of Pronominal Subjects
|
Subject affixes on verb |
|
|
Verbal Person Marking
|
Both the A and P arguments |
|
|
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking
|
No zero realization |
|
|
Order of Person Markers on the Verb
|
Both orders of A and P occur |
|
|
Passive Constructions
|
Absent |
|
|
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions
|
Compound but no morphological |
|
|
Negative Morphemes
|
Negative affix |
|
|
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation
|
Symmetric |
|
|
Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation
|
Non-assignable |
|
|
Polar Questions
|
Interrogative verb morphology |
|
| Lexicon |
|---|
|
M-T Pronouns
|
No M-T pronouns |
|
|
N-M Pronouns
|
No N-M pronouns |
|
