Chapters

Introductory supplements
i Introduction by Bernard Comrie , Matthew S. Dryer , David Gil and Martin Haspelmath cite
ii Abbreviations cite
iii Help cite
Feature Chapters
Phonology
1 Consonant Inventories by Ian Maddieson cite
2 Vowel Quality Inventories by Ian Maddieson cite
3 Consonant-Vowel Ratio by Ian Maddieson cite
4 Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives by Ian Maddieson cite
5 Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems by Ian Maddieson cite
6 Uvular Consonants by Ian Maddieson cite
7 Glottalized Consonants by Ian Maddieson cite
8 Lateral Consonants by Ian Maddieson cite
9 The Velar Nasal by Gregory D.S. Anderson cite
10 Vowel Nasalization by John Hajek cite
11 Front Rounded Vowels by Ian Maddieson cite
12 Syllable Structure by Ian Maddieson cite
13 Tone by Ian Maddieson cite
14 Fixed Stress Locations by Rob Goedemans and Harry van der Hulst cite
15 Weight-Sensitive Stress by Rob Goedemans and Harry van der Hulst cite
16 Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems by Rob Goedemans and Harry van der Hulst cite
17 Rhythm Types by Rob Goedemans and Harry van der Hulst cite
18 Absence of Common Consonants by Ian Maddieson cite
19 Presence of Uncommon Consonants by Ian Maddieson cite
Morphology
20 Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives by Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols cite
21 Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives by Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols cite
22 Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb by Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols cite
23 Locus of Marking in the Clause by Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel cite
24 Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases by Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel cite
25 Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology by Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel cite
26 Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology by Matthew S. Dryer cite
27 Reduplication by Carl Rubino cite
28 Case Syncretism by Matthew Baerman and Dunstan Brown cite
29 Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking by Matthew Baerman and Dunstan Brown cite
Nominal Categories
30 Number of Genders by Greville G. Corbett cite
31 Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems by Greville G. Corbett cite
32 Systems of Gender Assignment by Greville G. Corbett cite
33 Coding of Nominal Plurality by Matthew S. Dryer cite
34 Occurrence of Nominal Plurality by Martin Haspelmath cite
35 Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns by Michael Daniel cite
36 The Associative Plural by Michael Daniel and Edith Moravcsik cite
37 Definite Articles by Matthew S. Dryer cite
38 Indefinite Articles by Matthew S. Dryer cite
39 Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns by Michael Cysouw cite
40 Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection by Michael Cysouw cite
41 Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives by Holger Diessel cite
42 Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives by Holger Diessel cite
43 Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives by D.N.S. Bhat cite
44 Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns by Anna Siewierska cite
45 Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns by Johannes Helmbrecht cite
46 Indefinite Pronouns by Martin Haspelmath cite
47 Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns by Ekkehard König and Peter Siemund (with Stephan Töpper ) cite
48 Person Marking on Adpositions by Dik Bakker cite
49 Number of Cases by Oliver A. Iggesen cite
50 Asymmetrical Case-Marking by Oliver A. Iggesen cite
51 Position of Case Affixes by Matthew S. Dryer cite
52 Comitatives and Instrumentals by Thomas Stolz , Cornelia Stroh and Aina Urdze cite
53 Ordinal Numerals by Thomas Stolz and Ljuba N. Veselinova cite
54 Distributive Numerals by David Gil cite
55 Numeral Classifiers by David Gil cite
56 Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers by David Gil cite
57 Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes by Matthew S. Dryer cite
Nominal Syntax
58 Obligatory Possessive Inflection by Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols cite
59 Possessive Classification by Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel cite
60 Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses by David Gil cite
61 Adjectives without Nouns by David Gil cite
62 Action Nominal Constructions by Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm cite
63 Noun Phrase Conjunction by Leon Stassen cite
64 Nominal and Verbal Conjunction by Martin Haspelmath cite
Verbal Categories
65 Perfective/Imperfective Aspect by Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai cite
66 The Past Tense by Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai cite
67 The Future Tense by Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai cite
68 The Perfect by Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai cite
69 Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes by Matthew S. Dryer cite
70 The Morphological Imperative by Johan van der Auwera and Ludo Lejeune (with Umarani Pappuswamy and Valentin Goussev ) cite
71 The Prohibitive by Johan van der Auwera and Ludo Lejeune (with Valentin Goussev ) cite
72 Imperative-Hortative Systems by Johan van der Auwera , Nina Dobrushina and Valentin Goussev cite
73 The Optative by Nina Dobrushina , Johan van der Auwera and Valentin Goussev cite
74 Situational Possibility by Johan van der Auwera and Andreas Ammann cite
75 Epistemic Possibility by Johan van der Auwera and Andreas Ammann cite
76 Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking by Johan van der Auwera and Andreas Ammann cite
77 Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality by Ferdinand de Haan cite
78 Coding of Evidentiality by Ferdinand de Haan cite
79 Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect by Ljuba N. Veselinova cite
80 Verbal Number and Suppletion by Ljuba N. Veselinova cite
Word Order
81 Order of Subject, Object and Verb by Matthew S. Dryer cite
82 Order of Subject and Verb by Matthew S. Dryer cite
83 Order of Object and Verb by Matthew S. Dryer cite
84 Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb by Matthew S. Dryer (with Orin D. Gensler ) cite
85 Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase by Matthew S. Dryer cite
86 Order of Genitive and Noun by Matthew S. Dryer cite
87 Order of Adjective and Noun by Matthew S. Dryer cite
88 Order of Demonstrative and Noun by Matthew S. Dryer cite
89 Order of Numeral and Noun by Matthew S. Dryer cite
90 Order of Relative Clause and Noun by Matthew S. Dryer cite
91 Order of Degree Word and Adjective by Matthew S. Dryer cite
92 Position of Polar Question Particles by Matthew S. Dryer cite
93 Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions by Matthew S. Dryer cite
94 Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause by Matthew S. Dryer cite
95 Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase by Matthew S. Dryer cite
96 Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun by Matthew S. Dryer cite
97 Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun by Matthew S. Dryer cite
143 Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb by Matthew S. Dryer cite
144 Position of Negative Morpheme With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb by Matthew S. Dryer cite
Simple Clauses
98-99 Alignment of Case Marking by Bernard Comrie cite
100 Alignment of Verbal Person Marking by Anna Siewierska cite
101 Expression of Pronominal Subjects by Matthew S. Dryer cite
102 Verbal Person Marking by Anna Siewierska cite
103 Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking by Anna Siewierska cite
104 Order of Person Markers on the Verb by Anna Siewierska cite
105 Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' by Martin Haspelmath cite
106 Reciprocal Constructions by Elena Maslova and Vladimir P. Nedjalkov cite
107 Passive Constructions by Anna Siewierska cite
108 Antipassive Constructions by Maria Polinsky cite
109 Applicative Constructions by Maria Polinsky cite
110 Periphrastic Causative Constructions by Jae Jung Song cite
111 Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions by Jae Jung Song cite
112 Negative Morphemes by Matthew S. Dryer cite
113 Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation by Matti Miestamo cite
114 Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation by Matti Miestamo cite
115 Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation by Martin Haspelmath cite
116 Polar Questions by Matthew S. Dryer cite
117 Predicative Possession by Leon Stassen cite
118 Predicative Adjectives by Leon Stassen cite
119 Nominal and Locational Predication by Leon Stassen cite
120 Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals by Leon Stassen cite
121 Comparative Constructions by Leon Stassen cite
Complex Sentences
122 Relativization on Subjects by Bernard Comrie and Tania Kuteva cite
123 Relativization on Obliques by Bernard Comrie and Tania Kuteva cite
124 'Want' Complement Subjects by Martin Haspelmath cite
125 Purpose Clauses by Sonia Cristofaro cite
126 'When' Clauses by Sonia Cristofaro cite
127 Reason Clauses by Sonia Cristofaro cite
128 Utterance Complement Clauses by Sonia Cristofaro cite
Lexicon
129 Hand and Arm by Cecil H. Brown cite
130 Finger and Hand by Cecil H. Brown cite
131 Numeral Bases by Bernard Comrie cite
132-135 Colour Terms by Paul Kay and Luisa Maffi cite
136-137 Personal Pronouns by Johanna Nichols and David A. Peterson cite
138 Tea by Östen Dahl cite
Sign Languages
139 Irregular Negatives in Sign Languages by Ulrike Zeshan cite
140 Question Particles in Sign Languages by Ulrike Zeshan cite
Other
141 Writing Systems by Bernard Comrie cite
142 Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks by David Gil cite
Additional supplements
iv Genealogical Language List by Matthew S. Dryer cite
v Sampling Case and Tense Formatives by Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols cite
vi Determining Dominant Word Order by Matthew S. Dryer cite
vii Tense and Aspect by Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai cite
viii Relativization Strategies by Bernard Comrie and Tania Kuteva cite
ix Sign Languages by Ulrike Zeshan cite