Hawaiian

WALS coordinates: 19° 35′ N, 155° 30′ W

spoken in United States

Find examples here.

Alternative Names

Ethnologue:
Ruhlen:
  • Hawaiian
Routledge:
Other:
  • 'Olelo Hawai'i
ISO 639-3:

Features

ID Feature Value Area References  
1A Consonant Inventories Small Phonology
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2A Vowel Quality Inventories Average (5-6) Phonology
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3A Consonant-Vowel Ratio Low Phonology
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4A Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives No voicing constrast Phonology
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5A Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems Other Phonology
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6A Uvular Consonants None Phonology
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7A Glottalized Consonants No glottalized consonants Phonology
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8A Lateral Consonants /l/, no obstruent laterals Phonology
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11A Front Rounded Vowels None Phonology
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12A Syllable Structure Simple Phonology
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13A Tone No tones Phonology
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14A Fixed Stress Locations Penultimate Phonology
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15A Weight-Sensitive Stress Fixed stress (no weight-sensitivity) Phonology
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16A Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems Long vowel Phonology
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17A Rhythm Types Trochaic Phonology
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18A Absence of Common Consonants No fricatives Phonology
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19A Presence of Uncommon Consonants None Phonology
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26A Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology Little affixation Morphology
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27A Reduplication Productive full and partial reduplication Morphology
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30A Number of Genders None Nominal Categories
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31A Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems No gender Nominal Categories
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32A Systems of Gender Assignment No gender Nominal Categories
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33A Coding of Nominal Plurality Plural word Nominal Categories
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examples
35A Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns Person-number stem + pronominal plural affix Nominal Categories
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36A The Associative Plural Unique periphrastic associative plural Nominal Categories
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examples
37A Definite Articles Definite word distinct from demonstrative Nominal Categories
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38A Indefinite Articles Indefinite word distinct from 'one' Nominal Categories
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41A Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives Three-way contrast Nominal Categories
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examples
42A Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives Identical Nominal Categories
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examples
43A Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives Related to remote demonstratives Nominal Categories
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examples
45A Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns No politeness distinction Nominal Categories
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51A Position of Case Affixes No case affixes or adpositional clitics Nominal Categories
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52A Comitatives and Instrumentals Mixed Nominal Categories
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examples
53A Ordinal Numerals First/one-th, two-th, three-th Nominal Categories
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54A Distributive Numerals Marked by prefix Nominal Categories
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55A Numeral Classifiers Absent Nominal Categories
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57A Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes No possessive affixes Nominal Categories
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64A Nominal and Verbal Conjunction Identity Nominal Syntax
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65A Perfective/Imperfective Aspect Grammatical marking Verbal Categories
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66A The Past Tense No past tense Verbal Categories
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67A The Future Tense No inflectional future Verbal Categories
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68A The Perfect No perfect Verbal Categories
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70A The Morphological Imperative No second-person imperatives Verbal Categories
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71A The Prohibitive Normal imperative + special negative Verbal Categories
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72A Imperative-Hortative Systems Maximal system Verbal Categories
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74A Situational Possibility Verbal constructions Verbal Categories
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75A Epistemic Possibility Other Verbal Categories
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76A Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking Overlap for either possibility or necessity Verbal Categories
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81A Order of Subject, Object and Verb VSO Word Order
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82A Order of Subject and Verb VS Word Order
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83A Order of Object and Verb VO Word Order
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85A Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase Prepositions Word Order
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86A Order of Genitive and Noun Noun-Genitive Word Order
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87A Order of Adjective and Noun Noun-Adjective Word Order
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88A Order of Demonstrative and Noun Demonstrative-Noun Word Order
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89A Order of Numeral and Noun Numeral-Noun Word Order
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90A Order of Relative Clause and Noun Noun-Relative clause Word Order
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90C Postnominal relative clauses Noun-Relative clause (NRel) dominant Word Order
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91A Order of Degree Word and Adjective Adjective-Degree word Word Order
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93A Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions Not initial interrogative phrase Word Order
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94A Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause Initial subordinator word Word Order
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95A Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase VO and Prepositions Word Order
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96A Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun VO and NRel Word Order
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97A Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun VO and NAdj Word Order
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101A Expression of Pronominal Subjects Optional pronouns in subject position Simple Clauses
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111A Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions Morphological but no compound Simple Clauses
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112A Negative Morphemes Negative particle Simple Clauses
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129A Hand and Arm Identical Lexicon
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examples
130A Finger and Hand Identical Lexicon
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examples
130B Cultural Categories of Languages with Identity of 'Finger' and 'Hand' Full-fledged farmers Lexicon
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138A Tea Others Lexicon
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examples
143A Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb NegV Word Order
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143E Preverbal Negative Morphemes NegV Word Order
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143F Postverbal Negative Morphemes None Word Order
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143G Minor morphological means of signaling negation None Word Order
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144A Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb NegVSO Word Order
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144B Position of negative words relative to beginning and end of clause and with respect to adjacency to verb Immed preverbal Word Order
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144T The Position of Negative Morphemes in Verb-Initial Languages NegVSO Word Order
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144V Verb-Initial with Preverbal Negative Separate word, no double negation Word&NoDoubleNeg Word Order
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144W Verb-Initial with Negative that is Immediately Postverbal or between Subject and Object None Word Order
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144X Verb-Initial with Clause-Final Negative No clause-final neg Word Order
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