| 1A |
Consonant Inventories |
Large |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 2A |
Vowel Quality Inventories |
Small (2-4) |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 3A |
Consonant-Vowel Ratio |
High |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 4A |
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives |
No voicing constrast |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 5A |
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems |
Other |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 6A |
Uvular Consonants |
Uvular stops and continuants |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 7A |
Glottalized Consonants |
Ejectives and glottalized resonants |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 8A |
Lateral Consonants |
No /l/, but lateral obstruents |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 11A |
Front Rounded Vowels |
None |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 12A |
Syllable Structure |
Complex |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 13A |
Tone |
No tones |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 18A |
Absence of Common Consonants |
All present |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 19A |
Presence of Uncommon Consonants |
Pharyngeals |
Phonology |
|
comment
|
| 23A |
Locus of Marking in the Clause |
No marking |
Morphology |
|
comment
|
| 24A |
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases |
Head marking |
Morphology |
|
comment
|
| 25A |
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology |
Inconsistent or other |
Morphology |
|
comment
|
| 25B |
Zero Marking of A and P Arguments |
Non-zero marking |
Morphology |
|
comment
|
| 27A |
Reduplication |
Productive full and partial reduplication |
Morphology |
|
comment
|
| 44A |
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns |
No gender distinctions |
Nominal Categories |
|
comment
|
| 48A |
Person Marking on Adpositions |
No adpositions |
Nominal Categories |
|
comment
|
| 77A |
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality |
Indirect only |
Verbal Categories |
|
comment
|
| 78A |
Coding of Evidentiality |
Verbal affix or clitic |
Verbal Categories |
|
comment
|
| 81A |
Order of Subject, Object and Verb |
No dominant order |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 81B |
Languages with two Dominant Orders of Subject, Object, and Verb |
VSO or VOS |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 82A |
Order of Subject and Verb |
VS |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 83A |
Order of Object and Verb |
VO |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 84A |
Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb |
VOX |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 87A |
Order of Adjective and Noun |
No dominant order |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 89A |
Order of Numeral and Noun |
No dominant order |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 91A |
Order of Degree Word and Adjective |
Adjective-Degree word |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 97A |
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun |
Other |
Word Order |
|
comment
|
| 100A |
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking |
Accusative |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 101A |
Expression of Pronominal Subjects |
Subject clitics on variable host |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 102A |
Verbal Person Marking |
Only the A argument |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 103A |
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking |
Zero in all 3rd person forms |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 104A |
Order of Person Markers on the Verb |
A and P do not or do not both occur on the verb |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 105A |
Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' |
Double-object construction |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 107A |
Passive Constructions |
Present |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 109A |
Applicative Constructions |
Benefactive object; both bases |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 109B |
Other Roles of Applied Objects |
No other roles (= Only benefactive) |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 118A |
Predicative Adjectives |
Verbal encoding |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 119A |
Nominal and Locational Predication |
Different |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 120A |
Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals |
Impossible |
Simple Clauses |
|
comment
|
| 129A |
Hand and Arm |
Different |
Lexicon |
|
comment
examples
|
| 130A |
Finger and Hand |
Different |
Lexicon |
|
comment
examples
|
| 136A |
M-T Pronouns |
No M-T pronouns |
Lexicon |
|
comment
|
| 137A |
N-M Pronouns |
No N-M pronouns |
Lexicon |
|
comment
|
