1. Family: Iroquoian
  2. Genus: Northern Iroquoian

Oneida

WALS coordinates: 43° N, 75° 40′ 12.00″ W

spoken in United States

Alternative Names

Ethnologue:
Ruhlen:
  • Oneida
Routledge:
    Other:
      ISO 639-3:

      Features

      Feature Value References
      Phonology
      Consonant Inventories Moderately large
      Vowel Quality Inventories Small (2-4)
      Consonant-Vowel Ratio Low
      Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives No voicing constrast
      Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems Other
      Uvular Consonants None
      Glottalized Consonants No glottalized consonants
      Lateral Consonants /l/, no obstruent laterals
      The Velar Nasal No velar nasal
      Front Rounded Vowels None
      Syllable Structure Complex
      Tone Simple tone system
      Fixed Stress Locations Penultimate
      Weight-Sensitive Stress Fixed stress (no weight-sensitivity)
      Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems No weight
      Rhythm Types No rhythmic stress
      Absence of Common Consonants No bilabials
      Presence of Uncommon Consonants None
      Morphology
      Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives Exclusively concatenative
      Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives No case
      Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb 8-9 categories per word
      Locus of Marking in the Clause Head marking
      Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases Head marking
      Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology Head-marking
      Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology Weakly prefixing
      Reduplication No productive reduplication
      Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking Not syncretic
      Nominal Categories
      Number of Genders Three
      Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems Sex-based
      Systems of Gender Assignment Semantic
      Coding of Nominal Plurality Mixed morphological plural
      Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns Number-indifferent pronouns
      The Associative Plural No associative plural
      Definite Articles Definite word distinct from demonstrative
      Indefinite Articles No indefinite, but definite article
      Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns 'We' the same as 'I'
      Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection Inclusive/exclusive
      Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives Two-way contrast
      Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives Identical
      Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives Unrelated
      Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns No gender distinctions
      Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns No politeness distinction
      Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns Differentiated
      Person Marking on Adpositions No adpositions
      Number of Cases No morphological case-marking
      Asymmetrical Case-Marking No case-marking
      Position of Case Affixes Case suffixes
      Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes Possessive prefixes
      Nominal Syntax
      Obligatory Possessive Inflection Absent
      Possessive Classification No possessive classification
      Action Nominal Constructions No action nominals
      Verbal Categories
      Perfective/Imperfective Aspect Grammatical marking
      The Past Tense No past tense
      The Future Tense Inflectional future exists
      The Perfect No perfect
      Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes Mixed type
      The Morphological Imperative Second person number-neutral
      The Prohibitive Normal imperative + special negative
      Imperative-Hortative Systems Maximal system
      The Optative Inflectional optative absent
      Situational Possibility Verbal constructions
      Epistemic Possibility Affixes on verbs
      Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking Overlap for either possibility or necessity
      Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality Indirect only
      Coding of Evidentiality Separate particle
      Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect Aspect
      Verbal Number and Suppletion None
      Word Order
      Order of Subject, Object and Verb No dominant order
      Order of Subject and Verb VS
      Order of Object and Verb VO
      Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb No dominant order
      Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase No adpositions
      Order of Genitive and Noun Genitive-Noun
      Order of Demonstrative and Noun Demonstrative-Noun
      Order of Degree Word and Adjective Degree word-Adjective
      Position of Polar Question Particles Second position
      Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions Initial interrogative phrase
      Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause Initial subordinator word
      Simple Clauses
      Alignment of Verbal Person Marking Active
      Expression of Pronominal Subjects Subject affixes on verb
      Verbal Person Marking Both the A and P arguments
      Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking No zero realization
      Order of Person Markers on the Verb A precedes P
      Reciprocal Constructions Identical to reflexive
      Passive Constructions Absent
      Antipassive Constructions No antipassive
      Applicative Constructions Benefactive and other; both bases
      Periphrastic Causative Constructions Purposive but no sequential
      Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions Morphological but no compound
      Negative Morphemes Negative particle
      Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation Both
      Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation A/Cat
      Polar Questions Question particle
      Predicative Adjectives Verbal encoding
      Nominal and Locational Predication Different
      Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals Impossible
      Lexicon
      Hand and Arm Different
      Finger and Hand Identical
      Numeral Bases Decimal
      M-T Pronouns No M-T pronouns
      N-M Pronouns No N-M pronouns