| Phonology |
|---|
|
Consonant Inventories
|
Large |
|
|
Vowel Quality Inventories
|
Large (7-14) |
|
|
Consonant-Vowel Ratio
|
Average |
|
|
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives
|
In plosives alone |
|
|
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems
|
None missing in /p t k b d g/ |
|
|
Uvular Consonants
|
None |
|
|
Glottalized Consonants
|
No glottalized consonants |
|
|
Lateral Consonants
|
/l/, no obstruent laterals |
|
|
Front Rounded Vowels
|
High and mid |
|
|
Syllable Structure
|
Moderately complex |
|
|
Tone
|
Simple tone system |
|
|
Fixed Stress Locations
|
No fixed stress |
|
|
Weight-Sensitive Stress
|
Unbounded: Stress can be anywhere |
|
|
Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems
|
Long vowel |
|
|
Absence of Common Consonants
|
All present |
|
|
Presence of Uncommon Consonants
|
None |
|
| Morphology |
|---|
|
Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives
|
Exclusively concatenative |
|
|
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives
|
Monoexponential case |
|
|
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb
|
4-5 categories per word |
|
|
Locus of Marking in the Clause
|
Dependent marking |
|
|
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases
|
Dependent marking |
|
|
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology
|
Dependent-marking |
|
| Nominal Categories |
|---|
|
Number of Genders
|
None |
|
|
Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems
|
No gender |
|
|
Systems of Gender Assignment
|
No gender |
|
|
Occurrence of Nominal Plurality
|
All nouns, always optional |
|
|
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns
|
Person stem + nominal plural affix |
|
|
Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives
|
Unrelated |
|
|
Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns
|
Binary politeness distinction |
|
|
Distributive Numerals
|
Marked by reduplication |
|
| Nominal Syntax |
|---|
|
Obligatory Possessive Inflection
|
Absent |
|
|
Possessive Classification
|
No possessive classification |
|
| Simple Clauses |
|---|
|
Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give'
|
Indirect-object construction |
|
|
Periphrastic Causative Constructions
|
Purposive but no sequential |
|
|
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions
|
Neither |
|
|
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation
|
Both |
|
|
Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation
|
A/Cat |
|
| Complex Sentences |
|---|
|
'Want' Complement Subjects
|
Subject is left implicit |
|
| Lexicon |
|---|
|
Hand and Arm
|
Identical |
|
|
Finger and Hand
|
Different |
|
|
M-T Pronouns
|
No M-T pronouns |
|
|
N-M Pronouns
|
No N-M pronouns |
|
|
Tea
|
Words derived from Sinitic cha |
|
