Wari'

WALS coordinates: 11° 20′ S, 65° W

spoken in Brazil

Alternative Names

Ethnologue:
Ruhlen:
  • Pakaasnovos
Routledge:
  • Orowari
Other:
  • Wari' (Chapacuva),
  • Wari
ISO 639-3:

Features

Feature Value References
Phonology
Consonant Inventories Moderately small
Vowel Quality Inventories Average (5-6)
Consonant-Vowel Ratio Moderately low
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives No voicing constrast
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems Other
Uvular Consonants None
Glottalized Consonants No glottalized consonants
Lateral Consonants No laterals
The Velar Nasal No velar nasal
Vowel Nasalization Contrast present
Front Rounded Vowels High and mid
Syllable Structure Moderately complex
Tone No tones
Fixed Stress Locations Ultimate
Weight-Sensitive Stress Fixed stress (no weight-sensitivity)
Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems No weight
Rhythm Types No rhythmic stress
Absence of Common Consonants No fricatives
Presence of Uncommon Consonants None
Morphology
Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives Exclusively isolating
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives No case
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb 4-5 categories per word
Locus of Marking in the Clause Head marking
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases Head marking
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology Head-marking
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology Little affixation
Reduplication Productive full and partial reduplication
Case Syncretism No case marking
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking No subject person/number marking
Nominal Categories
Number of Genders Three
Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems Sex-based
Systems of Gender Assignment Semantic
Coding of Nominal Plurality Plural word
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns No independent subject pronouns
Definite Articles No definite or indefinite article
Indefinite Articles No definite or indefinite article
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns Inclusive/exclusive
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection Inclusive/exclusive
Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives Three-way contrast
Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives Different stem
Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives Unrelated
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns 3rd person only, but also non-singular
Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns No politeness distinction
Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns Differentiated
Person Marking on Adpositions Pronouns and nouns
Number of Cases No morphological case-marking
Asymmetrical Case-Marking No case-marking
Position of Case Affixes No case affixes or adpositional clitics
Ordinal Numerals None
Distributive Numerals No distributive numerals
Numeral Classifiers Absent
Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers Formally different
Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes Possessive suffixes
Nominal Syntax
Obligatory Possessive Inflection Absent
Possessive Classification Three to five classes
Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses Highly differentiated
Adjectives without Nouns Without marking
Action Nominal Constructions No action nominals
Nominal and Verbal Conjunction Identity
Verbal Categories
Perfective/Imperfective Aspect No grammatical marking
The Past Tense No past tense
The Future Tense No inflectional future
The Perfect No perfect
Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes No tense-aspect inflection
The Morphological Imperative No second-person imperatives
The Prohibitive Normal imperative + special negative
The Optative Inflectional optative absent
Epistemic Possibility Affixes on verbs
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality No grammatical evidentials
Coding of Evidentiality No grammatical evidentials
Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect None
Verbal Number and Suppletion Singular-plural pairs, suppletion
Word Order
Order of Subject, Object and Verb VOS
Order of Subject and Verb VS
Order of Object and Verb VO
Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb VOX
Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase Prepositions
Order of Genitive and Noun Noun-Genitive
Order of Demonstrative and Noun Noun-Demonstrative
Order of Numeral and Noun Numeral only modifies verb
Order of Relative Clause and Noun Noun-Relative clause
Order of Degree Word and Adjective No dominant order
Position of Polar Question Particles No question particle
Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions Initial interrogative phrase
Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause Initial subordinator word
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase VO and Prepositions
Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun VO and NRel
Simple Clauses
Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases Neutral
Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns None
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking Accusative
Expression of Pronominal Subjects Subject pronouns in different position
Verbal Person Marking Both the A and P arguments
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking No zero realization
Order of Person Markers on the Verb A precedes P
Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' Secondary-object construction
Reciprocal Constructions Identical to reflexive
Passive Constructions Present
Antipassive Constructions No antipassive
Applicative Constructions No applicative construction
Periphrastic Causative Constructions Purposive but no sequential
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions Compound but no morphological
Negative Morphemes Negative word, unclear if verb or particle
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation Asymmetric
Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation A/Fin
Polar Questions Interrogative intonation only
Comparative Constructions Conjoined
Complex Sentences
Relativization on Subjects Gap
Relativization on Obliques Gap
Purpose Clauses Balanced
'When' Clauses Balanced/deranked
Reason Clauses Balanced/deranked
Utterance Complement Clauses Balanced
Lexicon
Numeral Bases Restricted
M-T Pronouns No M-T pronouns
N-M Pronouns N-M pronouns, paradigmatic