| Language: | Kannada |
| Feature: | Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns by Johannes Helmbrecht |
| Value: | Multiple politeness distinctions |
|
avaru |
2nd sg. hon. |
- derives from a 3rd person pl remote pronoun; - addressee is a member of the upper cast; children to father but not to mother; wife to husband but not vice versa; equal and higher rank; - used in uncertain situation, unmarked form |
|
ivaru |
2nd sg. hon. |
- notes see avaru |
|
ni:nu |
2nd sg. intim. |
- used among equal rank persons who are intimate or to adress lower rank persons; children to mother and vice versa; within families, kinship is addressed or referred to by the familiar (singular) forms |
|
ni:vu |
2nd sg. hon. |
- used to express politeness to higher ranking people; - members of higher castes have to be adressed with honorific form; Wife to husband (but not vice versa); Children to father (but not vice versa); used among equal rank persons who do not know each other very well |
|
ta:vu |
2nd sg. hhon. |
- ultrahonorific; derives from a 3rd person reflexive nominative pl pronoun |