1. Family: Altaic
  2. Genus: Turkic

Bashkir

WALS coordinates: 53° N, 58° E

spoken in Russia

Alternative Names

Ethnologue:
Ruhlen:
  • Bashkir
Routledge:
    Other:
    • Bashqort,
    • Bashkir (Bashqort)
    ISO 639-3:

    Features

    Feature Value References
    Phonology
    Consonant Inventories Moderately large
    Vowel Quality Inventories Large (7-14)
    Consonant-Vowel Ratio Average
    Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives In both plosives and fricatives
    Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems None missing in /p t k b d g/
    Uvular Consonants Uvular stops and continuants
    Glottalized Consonants No glottalized consonants
    Lateral Consonants /l/, no obstruent laterals
    The Velar Nasal No initial velar nasal
    Front Rounded Vowels High and mid
    Syllable Structure Complex
    Tone No tones
    Fixed Stress Locations Ultimate
    Weight-Sensitive Stress Fixed stress (no weight-sensitivity)
    Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems No weight
    Rhythm Types No rhythmic stress
    Absence of Common Consonants All present
    Presence of Uncommon Consonants 'Th' sounds
    Morphology
    Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology Strongly suffixing
    Nominal Categories
    Coding of Nominal Plurality Plural suffix
    The Associative Plural Associative same as additive plural
    Definite Articles No definite or indefinite article
    Indefinite Articles No definite or indefinite article
    Indefinite Pronouns Interrogative-based
    Position of Case Affixes Case suffixes
    Ordinal Numerals One-th, two-th, three-th
    Distributive Numerals Marked by suffix
    Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers Formally similar, without interrogative
    Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes Possessive suffixes
    Verbal Categories
    Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes Tense-aspect suffixes
    The Morphological Imperative Second singular and second plural
    The Prohibitive Normal imperative + normal negative
    Imperative-Hortative Systems Maximal system
    The Optative Inflectional optative absent
    Word Order
    Order of Subject and Verb SV
    Order of Object and Verb OV
    Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase Postpositions
    Order of Genitive and Noun Genitive-Noun
    Order of Adjective and Noun Adjective-Noun
    Order of Demonstrative and Noun Demonstrative-Noun
    Order of Numeral and Noun Numeral-Noun
    Order of Relative Clause and Noun Relative clause-Noun
    Order of Degree Word and Adjective Degree word-Adjective
    Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause Initial subordinator word
    Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase OV and Postpositions
    Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun OV and RelN
    Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun OV and AdjN
    Simple Clauses
    Expression of Pronominal Subjects Subject affixes on verb
    Negative Morphemes Negative affix
    Polar Questions Question particle
    Lexicon
    Tea Words derived from Sinitic cha