1. Family: Uralic
  2. Subfamily: Finno-Ugric
  3. Genus: Finnic

Estonian

WALS coordinates: 59° N, 26° E

spoken in Estonia

Alternative Names

Ethnologue:
Ruhlen:
  • Estonian
Routledge:
    Other:
      ISO 639-3:

      Features

      Feature Value References
      Phonology
      Fixed Stress Locations Initial
      Weight-Sensitive Stress Fixed stress (no weight-sensitivity)
      Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems Long vowel
      Rhythm Types Trochaic
      Morphology
      Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology Strongly suffixing
      Nominal Categories
      Coding of Nominal Plurality Plural suffix
      The Associative Plural No associative plural
      Definite Articles No definite or indefinite article
      Indefinite Articles No definite or indefinite article
      Indefinite Pronouns Interrogative-based
      Number of Cases 10 or more cases
      Asymmetrical Case-Marking Symmetrical
      Position of Case Affixes Case suffixes
      Comitatives and Instrumentals Identity
      Ordinal Numerals First, second, three-th
      Nominal Syntax
      Action Nominal Constructions Mixed
      Noun Phrase Conjunction 'And' different from 'with'
      Verbal Categories
      Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes Tense-aspect suffixes
      The Morphological Imperative Second singular and second plural
      The Prohibitive Special imperative + normal negative
      Imperative-Hortative Systems Maximal system
      The Optative Inflectional optative absent
      Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality Indirect only
      Coding of Evidentiality Verbal affix or clitic
      Word Order
      Order of Subject, Object and Verb SVO
      Order of Subject and Verb SV
      Order of Object and Verb VO
      Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb VOX
      Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase Postpositions
      Order of Genitive and Noun Genitive-Noun
      Order of Adjective and Noun Adjective-Noun
      Order of Demonstrative and Noun Demonstrative-Noun
      Order of Numeral and Noun Numeral-Noun
      Order of Relative Clause and Noun Noun-Relative clause
      Order of Degree Word and Adjective Degree word-Adjective
      Position of Polar Question Particles In either of two positions
      Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions Initial interrogative phrase
      Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause Initial subordinator word
      Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase VO and Postpositions
      Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun VO and NRel
      Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun VO and AdjN
      Simple Clauses
      Expression of Pronominal Subjects Subject affixes on verb
      Negative Morphemes Negative particle
      Polar Questions Question particle
      Predicative Adjectives Nonverbal encoding
      Nominal and Locational Predication Identical
      Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals Impossible
      Lexicon
      Tea Words derived from Min Nan Chinese te