| Phonology |
|---|
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Fixed Stress Locations
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No fixed stress |
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Weight-Sensitive Stress
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Right-edge: Ultimate or penultimate |
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Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems
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Lexical stress |
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Rhythm Types
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Undetermined |
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| Morphology |
|---|
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Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology
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Strongly suffixing |
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Reduplication
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No productive reduplication |
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| Nominal Categories |
|---|
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Coding of Nominal Plurality
|
Plural suffix |
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Occurrence of Nominal Plurality
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All nouns, always obligatory |
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The Associative Plural
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No associative plural |
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Definite Articles
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Definite word distinct from demonstrative |
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Indefinite Articles
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Indefinite word same as 'one' |
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Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives
|
Two-way contrast |
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Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives
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Identical |
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Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns
|
3rd person singular only |
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Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns
|
Binary politeness distinction |
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Indefinite Pronouns
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Generic-noun-based |
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Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns
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Differentiated |
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Person Marking on Adpositions
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No person marking |
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Number of Cases
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No morphological case-marking |
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Asymmetrical Case-Marking
|
Additive-quantitatively asymmetrical |
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Position of Case Affixes
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No case affixes or adpositional clitics |
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Comitatives and Instrumentals
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Identity |
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Ordinal Numerals
|
First, second, three-th |
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Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes
|
No possessive affixes |
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| Nominal Syntax |
|---|
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Nominal and Verbal Conjunction
|
Identity |
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| Verbal Categories |
|---|
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Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes
|
Tense-aspect suffixes |
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The Morphological Imperative
|
Second singular |
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The Prohibitive
|
Special imperative + normal negative |
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Imperative-Hortative Systems
|
Neither type of system |
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Situational Possibility
|
Verbal constructions |
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Epistemic Possibility
|
Verbal constructions |
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Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking
|
Overlap for both possibility and necessity |
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| Word Order |
|---|
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Order of Subject, Object and Verb
|
SVO |
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Order of Subject and Verb
|
No dominant order |
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Order of Object and Verb
|
VO |
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Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase
|
Prepositions |
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Order of Genitive and Noun
|
Noun-Genitive |
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Order of Adjective and Noun
|
Noun-Adjective |
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Order of Demonstrative and Noun
|
Demonstrative-Noun |
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Order of Numeral and Noun
|
Numeral-Noun |
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Order of Relative Clause and Noun
|
Noun-Relative clause |
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Order of Degree Word and Adjective
|
Degree word-Adjective |
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Position of Polar Question Particles
|
No question particle |
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Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause
|
Initial subordinator word |
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Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase
|
VO and Prepositions |
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Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun
|
VO and NRel |
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Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun
|
VO and NAdj |
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| Simple Clauses |
|---|
|
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking
|
Accusative |
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Expression of Pronominal Subjects
|
Subject affixes on verb |
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Verbal Person Marking
|
Only the A argument |
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Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking
|
No zero realization |
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Order of Person Markers on the Verb
|
A and P do not or do not both occur on the verb |
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Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give'
|
Indirect-object construction |
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Passive Constructions
|
Present |
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Negative Morphemes
|
Negative particle |
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Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation
|
Symmetric |
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Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation
|
Non-assignable |
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Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation
|
Mixed behaviour |
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Polar Questions
|
Interrogative intonation only |
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| Complex Sentences |
|---|
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Relativization on Subjects
|
Relative pronoun |
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Relativization on Obliques
|
Relative pronoun |
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Purpose Clauses
|
Deranked |
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'When' Clauses
|
Balanced/deranked |
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Reason Clauses
|
Balanced/deranked |
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Utterance Complement Clauses
|
Balanced/deranked |
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| Lexicon |
|---|
|
Hand and Arm
|
Different |
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Finger and Hand
|
Different |
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Tea
|
Words derived from Min Nan Chinese te |
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| Other |
|---|
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Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks
|
Logical meanings |
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