1. Family: Altaic
  2. Genus: Turkic

Kirghiz

WALS coordinates: 42° N, 75° E

spoken in Kyrgyzstan

Alternative Names

Ethnologue:
Ruhlen:
  • Kirghiz
Routledge:
    Other:
    • Kyrgyz
    ISO 639-3:

    Features

    Feature Value References
    Phonology
    Consonant Inventories Average
    Vowel Quality Inventories Large (7-14)
    Consonant-Vowel Ratio Average
    Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives In both plosives and fricatives
    Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems None missing in /p t k b d g/
    Uvular Consonants Uvular stops only
    Glottalized Consonants No glottalized consonants
    Lateral Consonants /l/, no obstruent laterals
    The Velar Nasal No initial velar nasal
    Front Rounded Vowels High and mid
    Syllable Structure Complex
    Tone No tones
    Absence of Common Consonants All present
    Presence of Uncommon Consonants None
    Morphology
    Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology Strongly suffixing
    Nominal Categories
    Number of Genders None
    Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems No gender
    Systems of Gender Assignment No gender
    Coding of Nominal Plurality Plural suffix
    Indefinite Articles Indefinite word same as 'one'
    Indefinite Pronouns Interrogative-based
    Position of Case Affixes Case suffixes
    Ordinal Numerals One-th, two-th, three-th
    Distributive Numerals Marked by suffix
    Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes Possessive suffixes
    Verbal Categories
    Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes Tense-aspect suffixes
    Word Order
    Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase Postpositions
    Order of Adjective and Noun Adjective-Noun
    Order of Numeral and Noun Numeral-Noun
    Position of Polar Question Particles Final
    Simple Clauses
    Expression of Pronominal Subjects Subject affixes on verb
    Reciprocal Constructions Distinct from reflexive
    Antipassive Constructions No antipassive
    Applicative Constructions No applicative construction
    Polar Questions Question particle
    Lexicon
    Hand and Arm Different
    Finger and Hand Different
    Tea Words derived from Sinitic cha