Nunggubuyu

WALS coordinates: 13° 45′ S, 135° 40′ E

spoken in Australia

Find examples here.

Alternative Names

Ethnologue:
Ruhlen:
  • Nunggubuyu
Routledge:
Other:
ISO 639-3:

Features

ID Feature Value Area References  
1A Consonant Inventories Average Phonology
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2A Vowel Quality Inventories Small (2-4) Phonology
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3A Consonant-Vowel Ratio Moderately high Phonology
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4A Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives No voicing constrast Phonology
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5A Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems Other Phonology
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6A Uvular Consonants None Phonology
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7A Glottalized Consonants No glottalized consonants Phonology
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8A Lateral Consonants /l/, no obstruent laterals Phonology
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9A The Velar Nasal Initial velar nasal Phonology
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10A Vowel Nasalization Contrast absent Phonology
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11A Front Rounded Vowels None Phonology
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12A Syllable Structure Moderately complex Phonology
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13A Tone No tones Phonology
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14A Fixed Stress Locations Penultimate Phonology
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15A Weight-Sensitive Stress Fixed stress (no weight-sensitivity) Phonology
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16A Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems No weight Phonology
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17A Rhythm Types Trochaic Phonology
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18A Absence of Common Consonants No fricatives Phonology
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19A Presence of Uncommon Consonants None Phonology
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23A Locus of Marking in the Clause Double marking Morphology
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24A Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases Dependent marking Morphology
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25A Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology Inconsistent or other Morphology
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25B Zero Marking of A and P Arguments Non-zero marking Morphology
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26A Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology Equal prefixing and suffixing Morphology
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27A Reduplication Productive full and partial reduplication Morphology
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28A Case Syncretism No syncretism Morphology
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29A Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking Syncretic Morphology
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30A Number of Genders Five or more Nominal Categories
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31A Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems Sex-based Nominal Categories
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32A Systems of Gender Assignment Semantic and formal Nominal Categories
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33A Coding of Nominal Plurality Plural prefix Nominal Categories
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35A Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns Person-number stem + pronominal plural affix Nominal Categories
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36A The Associative Plural Unique affixal associative plural Nominal Categories
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examples
37A Definite Articles No definite or indefinite article Nominal Categories
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38A Indefinite Articles No definite or indefinite article Nominal Categories
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39A Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns Inclusive/exclusive Nominal Categories
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40A Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection Inclusive/exclusive Nominal Categories
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41A Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives Three-way contrast Nominal Categories
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examples
42A Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives Identical Nominal Categories
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examples
43A Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives Unrelated Nominal Categories
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examples
44A Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns In 3rd person + 1st and/or 2nd person Nominal Categories
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45A Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns No politeness distinction Nominal Categories
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46A Indefinite Pronouns Interrogative-based Nominal Categories
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47A Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns Differentiated Nominal Categories
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48A Person Marking on Adpositions No adpositions Nominal Categories
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49A Number of Cases 10 or more cases Nominal Categories
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50A Asymmetrical Case-Marking Additive-quantitatively asymmetrical Nominal Categories
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51A Position of Case Affixes Case suffixes Nominal Categories
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53A Ordinal Numerals None Nominal Categories
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55A Numeral Classifiers Absent Nominal Categories
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58A Obligatory Possessive Inflection Absent Nominal Syntax
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58B Number of Possessive Nouns None reported Nominal Syntax
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59A Possessive Classification Two classes Nominal Syntax
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69A Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes Tense-aspect suffixes Verbal Categories
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70A The Morphological Imperative No second-person imperatives Verbal Categories
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examples
71A The Prohibitive Normal imperative + special negative Verbal Categories
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72A Imperative-Hortative Systems Maximal system Verbal Categories
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examples
73A The Optative Inflectional optative absent Verbal Categories
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74A Situational Possibility Affixes on verbs Verbal Categories
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75A Epistemic Possibility Other Verbal Categories
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76A Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking No overlap Verbal Categories
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77A Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality No grammatical evidentials Verbal Categories
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78A Coding of Evidentiality No grammatical evidentials Verbal Categories
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79A Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect Aspect Verbal Categories
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examples
79B Suppletion in Imperatives and Hortatives None (= no suppletive imperatives reported in the reference material) Verbal Categories
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80A Verbal Number and Suppletion None Verbal Categories
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81A Order of Subject, Object and Verb No dominant order Word Order
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82A Order of Subject and Verb No dominant order Word Order
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83A Order of Object and Verb No dominant order Word Order
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84A Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb No dominant order Word Order
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85A Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase No adpositions Word Order
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86A Order of Genitive and Noun No dominant order Word Order
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87A Order of Adjective and Noun No dominant order Word Order
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88A Order of Demonstrative and Noun Demonstrative-Noun Word Order
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90A Order of Relative Clause and Noun Noun-Relative clause Word Order
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90C Postnominal relative clauses Noun-Relative clause (NRel) dominant Word Order
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92A Position of Polar Question Particles In either of two positions Word Order
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93A Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions Initial interrogative phrase Word Order
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94A Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause Internal subordinator word Word Order
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95A Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase Other Word Order
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96A Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun Other Word Order
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97A Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun Other Word Order
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98A Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases Neutral Simple Clauses
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examples
99A Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns Neutral Simple Clauses
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examples
100A Alignment of Verbal Person Marking Hierarchical Simple Clauses
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101A Expression of Pronominal Subjects Subject affixes on verb Simple Clauses
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102A Verbal Person Marking Both the A and P arguments Simple Clauses
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103A Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking Zero in all 3rd person forms Simple Clauses
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104A Order of Person Markers on the Verb A and P are fused Simple Clauses
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106A Reciprocal Constructions Distinct from reflexive Simple Clauses
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examples
107A Passive Constructions Absent Simple Clauses
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108A Antipassive Constructions No antipassive Simple Clauses
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108B Productivity of the Antipassive Construction no antipassive Simple Clauses
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109A Applicative Constructions Benefactive and other; both bases Simple Clauses
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109B Other Roles of Applied Objects No other roles (= Only benefactive) Simple Clauses
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111A Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions Morphological but no compound Simple Clauses
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112A Negative Morphemes Negative particle Simple Clauses
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113A Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation Both Simple Clauses
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114A Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation A/NonReal and A/Cat Simple Clauses
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116A Polar Questions Question particle Simple Clauses
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121A Comparative Constructions Conjoined Simple Clauses
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122A Relativization on Subjects Gap Complex Sentences
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123A Relativization on Obliques Gap Complex Sentences
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125A Purpose Clauses Deranked Complex Sentences
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128A Utterance Complement Clauses Balanced Complex Sentences
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129A Hand and Arm Different Lexicon
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examples
130A Finger and Hand Identical Lexicon
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130B Cultural Categories of Languages with Identity of 'Finger' and 'Hand' Hunter-gatherers Lexicon
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136A M-T Pronouns No M-T pronouns Lexicon
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136B M in First Person Singular No m in first person singular Lexicon
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137A N-M Pronouns No N-M pronouns Lexicon
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137B M in Second Person Singular No m in second person singular Lexicon
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143A Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb NegV Word Order
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143E Preverbal Negative Morphemes NegV Word Order
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143F Postverbal Negative Morphemes None Word Order
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143G Minor morphological means of signaling negation None Word Order
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144A Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb Other Word Order
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144B Position of negative words relative to beginning and end of clause and with respect to adjacency to verb Immed preverbal Word Order
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