1. Family: Nakh-Daghestanian
  2. Subfamily: Daghestanian
  3. Genus: Avar-Andic-Tsezic

Avar

WALS coordinates: 42° 30′ N, 46° 30′ E

spoken in Azerbaijan, Russia

Alternative Names

Ethnologue:
Ruhlen:
  • Avar
Routledge:
    Other:
    • Avar, Khunza dialect
    ISO 639-3:

    Features

    Feature Value References
    Phonology
    Consonant Inventories Large
    Vowel Quality Inventories Average (5-6)
    Consonant-Vowel Ratio High
    Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives In both plosives and fricatives
    Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems Other
    Uvular Consonants Uvular stops and continuants
    Glottalized Consonants Ejectives only
    Lateral Consonants /l/ and lateral obstruent
    Front Rounded Vowels None
    Syllable Structure Complex
    Tone No tones
    Fixed Stress Locations No fixed stress
    Weight-Sensitive Stress Left-edge: First or second
    Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems Combined
    Rhythm Types No rhythmic stress
    Absence of Common Consonants All present
    Presence of Uncommon Consonants Pharyngeals
    Morphology
    Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology Strongly suffixing
    Nominal Categories
    Coding of Nominal Plurality Plural suffix
    Position of Case Affixes Case suffixes
    Comitatives and Instrumentals Differentiation
    Ordinal Numerals One-th, two-th, three-th
    Numeral Classifiers Absent
    Nominal Syntax
    Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses Highly differentiated
    Adjectives without Nouns Without marking
    Action Nominal Constructions Sentential
    Noun Phrase Conjunction 'And' different from 'with'
    Verbal Categories
    Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes Tense-aspect suffixes
    The Morphological Imperative Second singular and second plural
    The Prohibitive Normal imperative + special negative
    Imperative-Hortative Systems Neither type of system
    The Optative Inflectional optative present
    Word Order
    Order of Subject, Object and Verb SOV
    Order of Subject and Verb SV
    Order of Object and Verb OV
    Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase Postpositions
    Order of Genitive and Noun Genitive-Noun
    Order of Adjective and Noun Adjective-Noun
    Order of Demonstrative and Noun Demonstrative-Noun
    Order of Numeral and Noun Numeral-Noun
    Order of Degree Word and Adjective Degree word-Adjective
    Position of Polar Question Particles Second position
    Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions Not initial interrogative phrase
    Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase OV and Postpositions
    Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun OV and AdjN
    Simple Clauses
    Negative Morphemes Negative auxiliary verb
    Polar Questions Question particle
    Predicative Possession Genitive
    Predicative Adjectives Nonverbal encoding
    Nominal and Locational Predication Identical
    Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals Impossible
    Other
    Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks Logical meanings